低强度运动对于女大学生月经周期执行功能的影响
发布时间：2018-09-03 16:11
【摘要】：研究目的:在实验室环境下,运用近红外光谱技术客观地检测女大学生月经周期不同时相任务态下对大脑认知执行功能的影响,综合考虑心理、生理指标,探寻低强度有氧运动对女大学生经期认知执行功能的影响,得出结论。国内关于月经周期与执行功能的研究较为缺乏,本研究在前人研究的基础上,探寻雌激素对认知执行功能的影响,为低强度有氧运动可以缓解女大学生经期心理、生理上的不适感提供理论支持,同时补充“适当有氧运动普遍提高认知执行功能”的被试人群。研究方法:本研究选取首都体育学院没有运动基础的本科生或研究生女性共20名。要求每位受试者明确实验要求和内容,签署知情同意书后,先后4次去实验室进行实验。实验方案要求每名受试者在月经周期的不同时相(卵泡早期、卵泡晚期、黄体期、下一次卵泡早期)来实验室完成认知任务,同时记录其nirs、心率变异性等指标对比分析月经周期不同时相间,大脑激活程度以及情绪的差异。两次卵泡早期完成认知任务之后,分别采用运动和静息两种干预方式观测运动对经期女大学生认知执行功能的影响,运动方案选用健步走方式,即在跑台上选择以53%最大心率为目标,持续30分钟进行短时间低强度的有氧快步走运动,同时佩戴Polar表以监测心率变化,控制运动强度。研究结果:(1).月经周期不同时相2-back认知任务准确率无差异,反应时间卵泡晚期较卵泡早期短,P0.01,黄体期较卵泡早期短P0.05,反应更快;stroop任务准确率无差异,反应时间卵泡晚期较卵泡早期短P0.05,反应更快黄体期较卵泡早期无差异。(2).女大学生月经周期30min53%最大心率强度跑台运动后,情绪量表积极得分增加,大脑背外侧前额叶皮层氧合血红蛋白含量增加,心率变异性整体协调功能等总体上升P0.01,认知任务的反应时、RPE值下降,P0.01;对照组静息前后均无差异。(3).watson量表测试,卵泡晚期和黄体期较卵泡早期积极情绪,消极情绪少,但在统计学上无显著差异。研究结论:(1).月经周期不同时相由于激素的周期性变化,会影响多巴胺等神经递质的浓度及活性,从而不同程度的的激活大脑边缘系统,包括海马、杏仁核、前扣带皮层等,影响工作记忆等执行功能。(2).运动可以明显激活外侧前额叶皮层(LPFC)的和前扣带皮层(ACC)的激活,尤其是背外侧前额叶皮层(DLPFC),增加脑区血流量,改善执行功能。(3).心率变异性、NIRS、血氧饱和度、RPE值等生理生化指标可以与心境量表等心理指标联合使用,反应执行功能。(4).女大学生卵泡早期小强度运动20min为宜,可以有效缓解身体不适,提高积极情绪,增加大脑血流,激活大脑前额叶皮层,提高认知执行功能。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the effects of Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR) on cognitive executive function of female college students in different phases of menstrual cycle in laboratory environment, and to consider the psychological and physiological indexes. To explore the effect of low-intensity aerobic exercise on the cognitive executive function of female college students during menstrual period. There are few researches on menstrual cycle and executive function in China. On the basis of previous studies, this study explores the effect of estrogen on cognitive executive function, which suggests that low-intensity aerobic exercise can relieve the menstrual psychology of female college students. Physiological discomfort provides theoretical support, and supplements the subjects who generally improve cognitive executive function by appropriate aerobic exercise. Methods: this study selected 20 female undergraduates or postgraduates who had no basic sports in Capital Institute of physical Education. Each subject was asked to make clear the requirements and contents of the experiment, and after signing the informed consent, he went to the laboratory 4 times to conduct the experiment. Each participant was asked to perform cognitive tasks at different stages of the menstrual cycle (early follicular, late follicular, luteal, early next follicle). At the same time, the nirs, heart rate variability and other indexes were recorded to analyze the differences of menstrual cycle, brain activation and emotion. After two early follicular cognitive tasks were completed, exercise and rest intervention were used to observe the effects of exercise on cognitive executive function of female college students in menstrual period. That is to say, 53% maximum heart rate was chosen as the target on the platform, which lasted for 30 minutes for short time and low intensity aerobic walking, while wearing Polar meter to monitor heart rate change and control exercise intensity. The results are as follows: (1). There was no difference in the accuracy of 2-back cognitive task in different phases of menstrual cycle. The response time of late follicle was shorter than that of early follicle (P 0.01), the luteal phase was shorter than that of early follicle (P 0.05), and the response rate was faster than that of early follicle. The reaction time of late follicle was shorter than that of early follicle (P0.05), and the reaction time was faster in luteal phase than in early follicular stage. (2). The positive score of emotional scale and the content of oxygenated hemoglobin in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex increased after running platform exercise with 53% maximal heart rate during the menstrual cycle of female college students. The whole coordination function of heart rate variability increased (P0.01), the response time of cognitive task decreased (P 0.01), and there was no difference before and after rest in the control group. (3) in the late follicular stage and luteal phase, the positive emotion was lower than that in the early follicular stage, and the negative emotion was less in the control group than in the early follicular stage. But there was no statistical difference. Conclusion: (1). Because of the periodic changes of hormones in different phases of menstrual cycle, the concentration and activity of dopamine and other neurotransmitters will be affected, thus activating the limbic system of the brain to varying degrees, including hippocampus, amygdala, anterior cingulate cortex, etc. Affect working memory and other executive functions. (2). Exercise could significantly activate the activation of (LPFC) in the lateral prefrontal cortex and (ACC) in the anterior cingulate cortex, especially in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, which increased the blood flow in the cerebral area and improved the executive function. (3) Physiological and biochemical indexes such as heart rate variability (HRV), blood oxygen saturation (RPE) and RPE value can be used in combination with psychologic parameters such as mood scale. (4). Small intensity exercise 20min in the early follicular stage of female college students can effectively relieve discomfort, improve positive emotion, increase cerebral blood flow, activate prefrontal cortex, and improve cognitive executive function.
【学位授予单位】：首都体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G804.2
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the effects of Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR) on cognitive executive function of female college students in different phases of menstrual cycle in laboratory environment, and to consider the psychological and physiological indexes. To explore the effect of low-intensity aerobic exercise on the cognitive executive function of female college students during menstrual period. There are few researches on menstrual cycle and executive function in China. On the basis of previous studies, this study explores the effect of estrogen on cognitive executive function, which suggests that low-intensity aerobic exercise can relieve the menstrual psychology of female college students. Physiological discomfort provides theoretical support, and supplements the subjects who generally improve cognitive executive function by appropriate aerobic exercise. Methods: this study selected 20 female undergraduates or postgraduates who had no basic sports in Capital Institute of physical Education. Each subject was asked to make clear the requirements and contents of the experiment, and after signing the informed consent, he went to the laboratory 4 times to conduct the experiment. Each participant was asked to perform cognitive tasks at different stages of the menstrual cycle (early follicular, late follicular, luteal, early next follicle). At the same time, the nirs, heart rate variability and other indexes were recorded to analyze the differences of menstrual cycle, brain activation and emotion. After two early follicular cognitive tasks were completed, exercise and rest intervention were used to observe the effects of exercise on cognitive executive function of female college students in menstrual period. That is to say, 53% maximum heart rate was chosen as the target on the platform, which lasted for 30 minutes for short time and low intensity aerobic walking, while wearing Polar meter to monitor heart rate change and control exercise intensity. The results are as follows: (1). There was no difference in the accuracy of 2-back cognitive task in different phases of menstrual cycle. The response time of late follicle was shorter than that of early follicle (P 0.01), the luteal phase was shorter than that of early follicle (P 0.05), and the response rate was faster than that of early follicle. The reaction time of late follicle was shorter than that of early follicle (P0.05), and the reaction time was faster in luteal phase than in early follicular stage. (2). The positive score of emotional scale and the content of oxygenated hemoglobin in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex increased after running platform exercise with 53% maximal heart rate during the menstrual cycle of female college students. The whole coordination function of heart rate variability increased (P0.01), the response time of cognitive task decreased (P 0.01), and there was no difference before and after rest in the control group. (3) in the late follicular stage and luteal phase, the positive emotion was lower than that in the early follicular stage, and the negative emotion was less in the control group than in the early follicular stage. But there was no statistical difference. Conclusion: (1). Because of the periodic changes of hormones in different phases of menstrual cycle, the concentration and activity of dopamine and other neurotransmitters will be affected, thus activating the limbic system of the brain to varying degrees, including hippocampus, amygdala, anterior cingulate cortex, etc. Affect working memory and other executive functions. (2). Exercise could significantly activate the activation of (LPFC) in the lateral prefrontal cortex and (ACC) in the anterior cingulate cortex, especially in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, which increased the blood flow in the cerebral area and improved the executive function. (3) Physiological and biochemical indexes such as heart rate variability (HRV), blood oxygen saturation (RPE) and RPE value can be used in combination with psychologic parameters such as mood scale. (4). Small intensity exercise 20min in the early follicular stage of female college students can effectively relieve discomfort, improve positive emotion, increase cerebral blood flow, activate prefrontal cortex, and improve cognitive executive function.
【学位授予单位】：首都体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G804.2
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