街舞foundation的肌肉用力特征研究
发布时间：2018-09-04 15:46
【摘要】：街舞在当今社会已经成为大众喜爱的热门舞蹈。如今越来越多的人们开始接触、参与和从事街舞行业,街舞已经成为了一种文化现象。街舞从最早的街头舞蹈开始逐渐的进入到了校园,部分中小学将街舞作为“第二课堂”,众多的高校开展了街舞课程,成为了现在学生最热爱的舞蹈之一。随着经济的高速发展和街舞赛事等相关活动的增加,我国职业街舞的发展水平在与过去相比有了很大的进步,不仅在从事职业街舞人数上众多,而且舞者的水平也是相当高。虽然街舞在当下的发展十分迅速,但是中国引进街舞的时间较晚,不管是在大众的普及还是在竞技训练方面都还是相对落后于其他国家。对于街舞的研究方面,目前国内的研究多数集中在社会人文方面,对街舞训练、比赛和教学的研究较少,街舞教师在教学和训练当中缺乏一定的理论依据。本文通过表面肌电图的方法来对街舞进行研究探索,为日后的街舞教学和训练提供理论依据。本文选取了15名街舞舞者为测试对象,使用表面肌电图的方法采集3个街舞动作(托马斯两周、fresno、bkbounce)的肌电信号,每个动作采集五人,总15个人的肌电信号,通过分析肌电信号,对其进行归纳、计算、分析、总结,找出在街舞foundation运动中肌肉的工作情况。本研究得出以下结论(以身体左侧为例):(1)托马斯两周动作肌肉的做功由大到小依次是:三角肌后束、三角肌前束、肱三头肌、腹直肌、肱二头肌、腹外斜肌、肱桡肌、竖脊肌。(2)托马斯两周动作中所有测试对象统一第一个被激活的肌肉是肱桡肌,最后一个被激活的是腹直肌,其余肌肉的激活时间都出现了个性化特征。(3)托马斯两周中肌肉的工作持续时间出现个性化的特征,只有肱桡肌、腹直肌、竖脊肌的工作持续时间出现统一,肱桡肌工作持续时间最长,腹直肌工作持续时间倒数第二,竖脊肌的工作持续时间最短。肱三头肌、肱二头肌、三角肌前束、三角肌后束、腹外斜肌的肌肉工作持续时间出现个性化特征。出现这种情况可能与动作结构和测试对象的个人习惯以及训练经历有关。(4)fresno动作的肌肉做功百分比由大小到依次是:斜方肌、三角肌后束、肱三头肌、三角肌前束、肱二头肌、肱桡肌、背阔肌、胸大肌。(5)fresno动作中所有测试对象的肌肉激活时序出现个性化特征,这可能与测试对象的习惯和动作的技术要求相关。(6)fresno动作中测试对象的各个肌肉工作持续时间各不相同,可能与测试对象的个人习惯和动作特点有关。fresno动作是以最快的速度收缩和放松肌肉,产生振动的效果。可能是肌肉的收缩是爆发性收缩,使动作的工作持续时间非常短,再加上个人习惯的因素,出现了个性化特征。(7)Bkbounce动作的肌肉做功大小依次是:股内侧肌、股直肌、腓肠肌内侧、腓肠肌外侧、胫骨前肌、股外侧肌、臀大肌、股二头肌。大腿前群肌肉和小腿后群肌肉做功较大。(8)bkbounce动作中肌肉激活时序同样都出现了个性化特征,可能是动作简单随意,技术上没有过多复杂要求的原因。(9)bkbounce动作中测试对象的各个肌肉的工作持续时间出现大的个性化特征,可能是因为动作的随意性和个人习惯的练习方法相关。建议:(1)托马斯的训练中不仅要加强肩关节和肘关节的肌肉力量,还要提高腹直肌的肌肉力量。肱桡肌、腹外斜肌、竖脊肌在完成托马斯动作时的做功较小,肌肉工作持续时间短,可能对完成托马斯的作用并不大。(2)fresno动作要求肱三头肌的瞬间收缩和放松的能力,以及手臂(斜方肌和三角肌)的摆动能力。平常训练中多加强肱三头肌的快速收缩和放松能力以及双臂(三角肌和斜方肌)摆动的稳定训练。Fresno的技术个性化特征明显,教练员要根据舞者的个人特点做出适合其自身的训练计划。(3)bkbounce动作简单较为轻松,学习起来容易。主要以双腿的交叉为主,对大腿的前群和小腿后群的锻炼效果好,平常可以通过加强双腿的小腿后群肌肉和大腿前群肌肉训练来使加强动作的质感。bkbounce所属的hiphop舞种更适合大众的普及。(4)对街舞运动的表面肌电研究现在国内开展的很少,并没有一套行之有效的分析方法。在数据的截取和分析上仍需要更多的探讨。由于受试者个人习惯、被试皮下脂肪厚度、等诸多因素的影响,所测肌肉活动时序各不相同,测试对象在动作过程中肌肉活动存在个体特点。在训练和教学中应根据运动员的自身特点,因材施教。
[Abstract]:Hip-hop dance has become a popular dance in today's society. Now more and more people begin to contact, participate in and engage in hip-hop dance industry, hip-hop dance has become a cultural phenomenon. With the rapid economic development and the increase of hip-hop competitions and other related activities, the development level of professional hip-hop dance in China has made great progress compared with the past, not only in the number of professional hip-hop dancers, but also the level of dancers is quite high. At present, the development of hip-hop dance is very rapid, but the introduction of hip-hop dance in China is relatively late, whether in the popularity of the masses or in competitive training or relatively lagging behind other countries. In this paper, the surface electromyography (EMG) method is used to study hip-hop dance, which provides a theoretical basis for the future teaching and training of hip-hop dance. Esno, bkbounce myoelectric signals, each action to collect five people, a total of 15 people's electromyographic signals, through the analysis of electromyographic signals, its induction, calculation, analysis, summary, to find out in the hip-hop foundation movement muscle work. This study draws the following conclusions (take the left side of the body as an example): (1) Thomas two-week movement muscle work from the big To the smallest order: deltoid posterior bundle, deltoid anterior bundle, triceps brachii, rectus abdominis, biceps brachii, oblique abdominal muscle, brachioradialis muscle, erector spine muscle. (2) Thomas two-week movement in all subjects unified the first activated muscle is brachioradialis, the last activated is rectus abdominis, the rest of the muscle activation time has appeared personalized characteristics. (3) The duration of Thomas'muscle work during the two weeks was characterized by individuality. Only the brachioradialis, rectus abdominis and erector spine muscle had a uniform duration. The brachioradialis had the longest duration, the rectus abdominis had the second to last duration, and the erector spine had the shortest duration. This may be related to the movement structure and the individual habits and training experience of the subjects. (4) The percentage of muscle work done by Fresno is in descending order: trapezius, posterior deltoid, triceps, anterior deltoid, biceps. Brachioradialis, latissimus dorsi, pectoralis major. (5) The time sequence of muscle activation in Fresno maneuvers was individualized, which may be related to the habits and technical requirements of the subjects. (6) The duration of each muscle in Fresno maneuvers was different, and may be related to the individual habits and movement characteristics of the subjects. Fresno movement is the fastest speed of contraction and relaxation of muscles, resulting in vibration effect. It may be muscle contraction is explosive contraction, so that the duration of the movement is very short, coupled with personal habits, there are personalized characteristics. (7) Bkbounce movement muscle work size in turn is: medial thigh muscle, rectus femoris, Medial gastrocnemius muscle, lateral gastrocnemius muscle, tibialis anterior muscle, lateral femoral muscle, gluteus maximus muscle, biceps femoris muscle do more work. (8) Muscle activation sequence in bkbounce also appeared personalized characteristics, which may be the reason that the movement is simple and arbitrary, there is not too much complex technical requirements. (9) Bkbounce in the measurement of action. Suggestions: (1) Thomas should not only strengthen the muscles of the shoulder and elbow joints, but also enhance the muscles of the rectus abdominis. The brachioradialis, oblique abdominis and erector spine muscles are in the training. Fresno requires the ability of the triceps to contract and relax instantly, and the ability of the arm (trapezius and deltoid muscles) to swing. Fresno's technical individuality is obvious, the coach should make the training plan according to the dancer's individual characteristics. (3) bkbounce movement is simple and easy to learn. It mainly focuses on the crossing of the legs, the training effect on the front group of the thighs and the back group of the thighs. As a result, we can usually strengthen the texture of the movement by strengthening the back leg muscles and the front leg muscles. Due to the influence of individual habits, thickness of subcutaneous fat, and many other factors, the time sequence of muscle activity is different, and there are individual characteristics in the course of muscle activity.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：J722.9;G804.6
本文编号：2222623
[Abstract]:Hip-hop dance has become a popular dance in today's society. Now more and more people begin to contact, participate in and engage in hip-hop dance industry, hip-hop dance has become a cultural phenomenon. With the rapid economic development and the increase of hip-hop competitions and other related activities, the development level of professional hip-hop dance in China has made great progress compared with the past, not only in the number of professional hip-hop dancers, but also the level of dancers is quite high. At present, the development of hip-hop dance is very rapid, but the introduction of hip-hop dance in China is relatively late, whether in the popularity of the masses or in competitive training or relatively lagging behind other countries. In this paper, the surface electromyography (EMG) method is used to study hip-hop dance, which provides a theoretical basis for the future teaching and training of hip-hop dance. Esno, bkbounce myoelectric signals, each action to collect five people, a total of 15 people's electromyographic signals, through the analysis of electromyographic signals, its induction, calculation, analysis, summary, to find out in the hip-hop foundation movement muscle work. This study draws the following conclusions (take the left side of the body as an example): (1) Thomas two-week movement muscle work from the big To the smallest order: deltoid posterior bundle, deltoid anterior bundle, triceps brachii, rectus abdominis, biceps brachii, oblique abdominal muscle, brachioradialis muscle, erector spine muscle. (2) Thomas two-week movement in all subjects unified the first activated muscle is brachioradialis, the last activated is rectus abdominis, the rest of the muscle activation time has appeared personalized characteristics. (3) The duration of Thomas'muscle work during the two weeks was characterized by individuality. Only the brachioradialis, rectus abdominis and erector spine muscle had a uniform duration. The brachioradialis had the longest duration, the rectus abdominis had the second to last duration, and the erector spine had the shortest duration. This may be related to the movement structure and the individual habits and training experience of the subjects. (4) The percentage of muscle work done by Fresno is in descending order: trapezius, posterior deltoid, triceps, anterior deltoid, biceps. Brachioradialis, latissimus dorsi, pectoralis major. (5) The time sequence of muscle activation in Fresno maneuvers was individualized, which may be related to the habits and technical requirements of the subjects. (6) The duration of each muscle in Fresno maneuvers was different, and may be related to the individual habits and movement characteristics of the subjects. Fresno movement is the fastest speed of contraction and relaxation of muscles, resulting in vibration effect. It may be muscle contraction is explosive contraction, so that the duration of the movement is very short, coupled with personal habits, there are personalized characteristics. (7) Bkbounce movement muscle work size in turn is: medial thigh muscle, rectus femoris, Medial gastrocnemius muscle, lateral gastrocnemius muscle, tibialis anterior muscle, lateral femoral muscle, gluteus maximus muscle, biceps femoris muscle do more work. (8) Muscle activation sequence in bkbounce also appeared personalized characteristics, which may be the reason that the movement is simple and arbitrary, there is not too much complex technical requirements. (9) Bkbounce in the measurement of action. Suggestions: (1) Thomas should not only strengthen the muscles of the shoulder and elbow joints, but also enhance the muscles of the rectus abdominis. The brachioradialis, oblique abdominis and erector spine muscles are in the training. Fresno requires the ability of the triceps to contract and relax instantly, and the ability of the arm (trapezius and deltoid muscles) to swing. Fresno's technical individuality is obvious, the coach should make the training plan according to the dancer's individual characteristics. (3) bkbounce movement is simple and easy to learn. It mainly focuses on the crossing of the legs, the training effect on the front group of the thighs and the back group of the thighs. As a result, we can usually strengthen the texture of the movement by strengthening the back leg muscles and the front leg muscles. Due to the influence of individual habits, thickness of subcutaneous fat, and many other factors, the time sequence of muscle activity is different, and there are individual characteristics in the course of muscle activity.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：J722.9;G804.6
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