北京市男子手枪射击运动员选材指标研究

发布时间：2018-09-17 14:41

【摘要】：研究目的:本研究通过对北京市射击队男子一线手枪射击运动员及无运动专项的相同年龄段普通男青年分别进行包括身体形态、生理机能、身体素质及心理指标的测试并加以比较分析。旨在了解北京市射击队男子手枪射击运动员的各项选材指标的现状,发现男子手枪射击运动员与普通男青年之间所存在的具体差异。研究方法:本研究将北京市射击队男子一线手枪射击运动员及无运动专项的相同年龄段普通男青年分别作为研究对象。分别测试两组身体形态类指标,包括克托莱指数、手长、食指长、指距、下肢长H;身体素质类指标,包括身体平衡稳定性、手臂稳定性、握力、相对握力、肘关节方位本体感觉;生理机能类指标,包括心率及肺活量;心理因素包括智商,atd角,注意力稳定性,气质类型。分析对比年龄相当的手枪射击运动员与普通人之间在选材指标上具体的数据差异。从而发现北京市射击队男子手枪射击运动员各选材指标的现状,从而推断出真正适合男子手枪射击运动员选材的相关指标。研究结果:1.北京市射击队男子手枪射击运动员的克托莱指数、下肢长B、握力与普通男青年之间无统计学差异;2.北京市射击队男子手枪射击运动员的食指长、食指长与手长之比、指距与身高之比、下肢长H与身高之比均明显高于普通男青年;3.北京市射击队男子手枪射击运动员的身体平衡稳定性、手臂稳定性、相对握力均好于普通男青年;4.北京市射击队男子手枪射击运动员70°和110°方位感知度与普通男青年之间无统计学差异,90°方位感知度明显好于普通男青年;5.北京市射击队男子手枪射击运动员的心率、单位肺活量与普通男青年之间无统计学差异;6.北京市射击队男子手枪射击运动员的智商、atd角、听力注意力与普通男青年之间无统计学差异;7.北京市射击队男子手枪射击运动员的视觉注意力明显优于普通男青年;8.北京市射击队男子手枪射击运动员主要气质类型为一般性粘液质型,或粘液质与多血质的混合型。研究结论:1.身体形态方面,食指长与手长之间的比例(食指长/手长43%)、指距与身高之间的比例(指距/身高102%)、下肢长H与身高之间的比例(下肢长H/身高51%)可作为选材指标;2.身体素质方面,身体平衡稳定性、手臂稳定性、相对握力(感知差值3.27kg),以及不同角度下肘关节方位感知度的差值变化相较于普通人而言具有运动特征,可作为选材指标;3.生理机能方面,心率及肺活量可作为手枪射击运动员选材的参考指标,但不能直接作为选材指标;4.心理因素方面,具有高度集中的视觉注意力稳定性、混合气质类型的人更适合从事手枪射击运动。并且应该要重视智商的评估,智商等级要在中等或中等以上水平。5.克托莱指数、下肢长B、最大握力等3项指标可作为射击运动员选材的参考因素,但不足以成为选材指标。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this study is to compare and analyze the physical shape, physiological function, physical fitness and psychological indexes of the male first-line pistol shooters and the ordinary young men of the same age group without special sports in Beijing shooting team. Methods: In this study, the male first-line pistol shooters of Beijing Shooting Team and the ordinary young men of the same age without special sports were selected as the subjects. The physical fitness indexes included body balance stability, arm stability, grip strength, relative grip strength, elbow joint orientation proprioception, physiological function indexes including heart rate and vital capacity, psychological factors including IQ, ATD angle, attention stability and temperament type. The results show that the present situation of the selection indices of the men's pistol shooters in Beijing shooting team can be deduced from the differences in the selection indices between the men's pistol shooters of the same age and the ordinary people, and the relevant indices that are really suitable for the selection of the men's pistol shooters can be deduced. There was no significant difference between the shooters and the ordinary young men in the lower limb length B and grip strength. 2. The index finger length, the ratio of index finger length to hand length, the ratio of finger distance to height, the ratio of lower limb length H to height of the male pistol shooters in Beijing shooting team were significantly higher than those of the ordinary young men. The stability of body balance, arm stability and relative grip strength of the shooters were better than that of the ordinary young men. 4. There was no statistical difference between the perception of 70 and 110 degrees of the male pistol shooters in Beijing shooting team and that of the ordinary young men. The perception of 90 degrees of the male pistol shooters in Beijing shooting team was obviously better than that of the ordinary young men. 5. There was no significant difference between the average male youth and the average male youth. 6. There was no significant difference between the intelligence quotient, ATD angle, hearing attention of the male pistol shooters of Beijing shooting team and the average male youth. 7. The visual attention of the male pistol shooters of Beijing shooting team was obviously better than that of the ordinary male youth. The main temperament types of male pistol shooters are general mucous temperament type or mixed type of mucous temperament and multi-blood temperament. Research conclusions: 1. Body shape, the ratio between index finger length and hand length (index finger length/hand length 43%), the ratio between finger distance and height (finger distance/height 102%), the ratio between lower limb length H and height (lower limb length H/height 5%). 1% can be used as a selection index; 2. Physical fitness, body balance stability, arm stability, relative grip force (perceived difference of 3.27 kg), and different angles of elbow joint position perception of the difference between the changes of movement characteristics compared with ordinary people, can be used as a selection index; 3. Physical function, heart rate and vital capacity can be used as pistol fire indicators. 4. Mental factors, with a high concentration of visual attention stability, mixed temperament type of people more suitable for pistol shooting. And should pay attention to the evaluation of IQ, IQ level should be medium or above. Limb length B, maximum grip strength and other three indicators can be used as a reference factor for shooter selection, but not enough to become a selection indicator.
【学位授予单位】：首都体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G871

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