艺术体操个人项目器械熟练性动作的研究

发布时间：2018-10-08 07:22

【摘要】：近年来艺术体操项目规则发展迅速,与其他难美类运动项目最大的不同就是艺术体操所有成套动作中都需要身体与器械完美结合,器械一直是艺术体操项目中的精华,中国艺术体操个人项目近几年在国际上有了更多新的突破,2013-2016版国际艺术体操评分规则中,个人项目难度增加了器械熟练性动作(M)这一难度类型。与世界高水平运动员相比,我国运动员的器械熟练性动作(M)仍存在一定的差距。鉴于此,着重以个人项目器械熟练性动作(M)进行研究,进一步分析我国艺术体操个人项目器械熟练性动作(M)水平的现状,分析我国与世界优秀强队之间的差距与存在的问题,以期为我国艺术体操个人运动员竞技水平的提高提供参考和借鉴。对艺术体操个人项目器械熟练性动作进行研究,论文采用文献资料法、访谈法、录像分析法、问卷调查法和数理统计法进行研究,主要结论包括:1.艺术体操个人项目器械熟练性动作是由单一形式、结合舞步组合、结合身体难度动作三种完成形式构成。国内外运动员单一形式的器械熟练性动作运用次数最多,分别占总数的85.5%和89.7%;结合舞步组合完成的器械熟练性动作运用次数次之,分别占总数的13.2%和2.6%;结合身体难度动作运用次数最少,分别占总数的1.3%和7.7%。2.我国前六名运动员器械熟练性动作的运用数量明显多于奥运会前六名运动员,分别为76个和39个。国外优秀运动员的器械熟练性动作更具有创新性、自身技术代表性而我国运动员的器械熟练性动作相对常规,有效性较低。对我国运动员的最后得分产生较大影响。3.国外优秀运动员圈和球成套的器械熟练性动作的运用是棒和带两项器械的两倍(26:13),我国优秀运动员为1.3倍(43:33),表明圈和球两项器械是发展器械熟练性动作的重点项目。4.加强青少年艺术体操运动员器械基本技术训练、全面提高运动员器械操控能力,有针对性的进行多样化且具有一定独特性的器械技术训练,是提高我国个人运动员器械熟练性动作(M)的主要对策。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the rules of rhythmic gymnastics have developed rapidly. The biggest difference between rhythmic gymnastics and other difficult and beautiful sports is that rhythmic gymnastics requires a perfect combination of body and equipment in all sets of movements. Equipment has always been the essence of rhythmic gymnastics. In recent years, there have been more new breakthroughs in the individual events of Chinese rhythmic gymnastics in the international grading rules of International rhythmic Gymnastics 2013-2016. The difficulty of individual events has increased the difficulty type of instrument skillful movement (M). Compared with the high-level athletes in the world, there is still a certain gap in the equipment proficiency (M) of Chinese athletes. In view of this, this paper focuses on the research on the (M) of the instrument proficiency in individual events, further analyzes the present situation of the (M) level of the instrument proficiency in the individual gymnastics project in China, and analyzes the gap and existing problems between the excellent teams in China and the world. In order to provide reference and reference for the improvement of competitive level of individual athletes in rhythmic gymnastics. In this paper, the author makes a research on the instrument proficiency of rhythmic gymnastics, including literature, interview, video analysis, questionnaire survey and mathematical statistics. The main conclusions are as follows: 1. The instrument skillful movement of individual item of rhythmic gymnastics is composed of single form, combination of dance steps and physical difficulty. Athletes at home and abroad used the most single type of instrument skillful movements, accounting for 85.5% and 89.7% of the total, followed by the combination of dance steps. 13.2% of the total and 2.6% of the total, combined with the least number of difficult movements, accounted for 1.3% of the total and 7.772. 2. The number of the first six athletes in our country is obviously more than that of the first six athletes in the Olympic Games, 76 and 39 respectively. The instrument skillful movements of foreign elite athletes are more innovative and their own technical representativeness, while the Chinese athletes' equipment proficiency movements are relatively conventional and less effective. It has great influence on the final score of Chinese athletes. The use of the instrument skillful movements of the circle and ball sets of the foreign elite athletes is twice as much as that of the two instruments (26:13) and 1.3 times (43:33) of the outstanding athletes of our country. It shows that the two instruments of the circle and the ball are the key items of developing the instrument proficiency. Strengthen the basic skill training of apparatus for young rhythmic gymnasts, improve the ability of instrument control of athletes in an all-round way, carry out diversified and unique training in instrument technology, It is the main countermeasure to improve the (M) of Chinese individual athletes' instrument proficiency.
【学位授予单位】：北京体育大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G834

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