长春八极拳“骑马式”动作的生物力学研究

发布时间：2018-10-10 15:49

【摘要】：长春八极拳“骑马式”技术又叫“地盆步”或者“骑马步”，是八极拳最基本的步型之一，也是八极拳习练者初入门必须掌握的基本功，该动作质量的好坏，直接影响到八极拳各种技术动作的稳定性。因此，本研究通过运动生物力学的方法，解释八极拳“骑马式”技术的动作规范和动作要领与意义，使八极拳的动作学习更规范和标准化。这一研究也将填补用运动生物力学解释八极拳技术动作要领和意义的空白，这些都将成为本研究对长春八极拳研究和发展贡献的现实意义和应用价值。本文采用三维影像分析法对长春市八极拳协会的12名八极拳熟练者以及12名普通八极拳爱好者的“骑马式”动作进行生物力学分析，，研究结果如下： 1从长春八极拳“骑马式”动作时间特征参数上，体现出劲力刚柔相济的特点。在动作的开始阶段，动作相对稳定缓慢，随后，重心随着右脚的迈出快速地向右移动，当右脚着地后，重心快速地下降，并很快达到平衡，形成稳固地支撑， 2八极拳“骑马式”动作髋关节的活动具有一定的规律性，髋关节在动作的开始阶段都是平缓地下降趋势，而后迅速下降，达到稳定后不再波动。膝关节活动范围较大，是缓慢下降到快速下降进而稳定的过程，体现了刚柔相济的特征，也保证了重心在转移过程中的稳定性；踝关节则具有较小幅度的波动。 3在完成长春八极拳“骑马式”动作过程中，躯干角的最大波动范围较小利于上体有效地保持直立，减少波动。而重心的最大活动范围为23.8±3.44cm，重心的大幅度下降，更加有利于下肢的稳固支撑。在完成动作中，熟练组会有意识地做出扣脚尖的动作，保证左右两足足尖角都处于一个相对较小的值。
[Abstract]:The "riding style" technique of Changchun Bazhi fist is also called "ground basin step" or "riding step". It is one of the most basic types of the eight-pole boxing, and it is also the basic skill that must be mastered by the beginning practitioners of the eight-pole boxing practice. The quality of the movement is good or bad. It directly affects the stability of all kinds of technical movements of Bazhou Boxing. Therefore, through the method of sports biomechanics, this study explains the movement norm, the movement key and the significance of the "riding style" technique of the eight pole boxing, and makes the movement learning of the eight pole boxing more standardized and standardized. This study will also fill the gap in the interpretation of the technical movements of the Bhaji Boxing by sport biomechanics, which will become the practical significance and application value of this study to the research and development of Changchun Badji Boxing. In this paper, a biomechanical analysis of the "equestrian" movements of 12 octopus experts and 12 ordinary octopus fans in Changchun Bazhou Boxing Association was carried out by using three-dimensional image analysis method. The results are as follows: 1 from the time characteristic parameters of "riding style" in Changchun Bazhou Boxing, it shows the characteristics of strength and softness. At the beginning of the movement, the movement is relatively stable and slow, then the center of gravity moves quickly to the right as the right foot steps out, and when the right foot lands, the center of gravity drops quickly and quickly reaches balance. The movement of the hip joint of the "riding style" movement of the eight pole boxing has certain regularity. The hip joint in the initial stage of the action is decreasing slowly, then decreasing rapidly, and no longer fluctuating after reaching the stabilization. The knee joint has a large range of motion, which is a process of slow down to rapid decline and then stability, which embodies the characteristics of rigidity and softness, and also ensures the stability of the center of gravity in the process of transfer. In the process of "riding style" of Changchun Bazhou Boxing, the maximum fluctuation range of torso angle is smaller, which is helpful for the upper body to keep upright effectively and reduce the fluctuation. The maximum movement range of the center of gravity is 23.8 卤3.44 cm, and the center of gravity decreases greatly, which is more conducive to the stable support of the lower extremity. In the completion of the action, the skilled group will consciously make the tiptoe action, ensuring that both left and right sharp angle is in a relatively small value.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G852.1;G804.6

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