不同训练年限学生背越式跳高起跳阶段起跳腿肌电特征分析
发布时间：2018-10-12 13:55
【摘要】：研究目的:通过肌电采集仪器和肌电分析软件对背越式跳高起跳阶段起跳腿的肌电特征进行采集及分析,来寻找起跳阶段起跳腿肌肉的发力时序,结束时间,持续时长,均方根振幅,肌电积分值和贡献率的规律,希望能够对背越式跳高教学训练提供一定的帮助,能够规范、精确学生的背越式跳高起跳动作,提高学生背越式跳高的成绩。研究方法:选取山西师范大学体育学院学生(男)共32人,其中跳高二级运动员2人(训练年限为3年);田径专修15人(训练年限为2年);田径普修学生15人(训练年限为6个月)。要求受试者实验前24小时未从事剧烈运动,无肌肉疲劳损伤现象。使用美国产DELSYS Trigno Mobil便携式16通道遥感肌电仪、肌电分析软件,对背越式跳高起跳阶段起跳腿的肌电特征进行分析,具体指标包括:肌肉肌电活动开始时间,肌肉肌电活动结束时间,肌肉肌电活动持续时长,肌肉肌电振幅均方根,肌肉肌电积分值,肌肉贡献率。研究结论:在本研究中跳高二级学生的肌肉肌电特征存在良好的时序性、规律性,田径专修学生的肌电特征与跳高二级学生具有一定相似性,但时序上存在时间点的重合,规律性没有跳高二级学生强,而田径普修学生的肌肉肌电特征时序上则呈现杂乱无序状态,这与学生的运动训练年限有关,也与学生的身体素质有关。不同训练年限学生背越式跳高起跳阶段肌肉肌电特征都呈现出股二头肌持续时长较长,发力比例较大的特点,发力及贡献率最大的就是股内侧肌和股外侧肌,肌肉发力及贡献率极小的是胫骨前肌和半腱肌。
[Abstract]:Objective: to collect and analyze the myoelectric characteristics of the take-off leg in the take-off stage of the backcross high jump by means of the electromyography acquisition instrument and the electromyography analysis software, to find out the time sequence, the end time and the duration of the takeoff leg muscle in the take-off stage. It is hoped that the RMS amplitude, EMG integral value and contribution rate will provide some help to the teaching and training of the back-and-over high jump, and can standardize and accurately the students' take-off movements and improve the scores of the students in the back-and-over high jump. Methods: a total of 32 students (male) from College of physical Education of Shanxi normal University were selected. Among them, 2 high jumpers (3 years training years), 15 track and field majors (2 years training years) and 15 track and field students (6 months training years). The subjects were not engaged in strenuous exercise 24 hours before the experiment, and there was no muscle fatigue injury. Using the DELSYS Trigno Mobil portable 16-channel remote sensing electromyograph made in the United States and the electromyography analysis software, the myoelectric characteristics of the leg during the take-off stage of the back jump were analyzed. The specific indicators include: the onset time of the muscle myoelectric activity. The end time of myoelectric activity, the duration of myoelectric activity, the mean square root of muscle electromyography amplitude, the integral value of muscle electromyography and the contribution rate of muscle. Conclusion: in this study, there is a good timing and regularity of the muscle electromyography of the second grade students in the high jump, and the electromyography of track and field majors is similar to that of the second grade students of the high jump, but there is a overlap of time points in the time sequence. The regularity is not as strong as the second grade students in the high jump, but the muscle electromyography of the track and field students is disorderly in time sequence, which is related to the training years of the students and the physical quality of the students. The characteristics of muscle electromyography of students with different training years showed that the biceps femoris lasted longer and the proportion of generating force was larger. The medial femoral muscle and lateral femoral muscle were the most active and contributing force. The anterior tibial muscle and the semitendinosus muscle are the ones with minimal muscle strength and contribution.
【学位授予单位】：山西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G804.2;G823.1
[Abstract]:Objective: to collect and analyze the myoelectric characteristics of the take-off leg in the take-off stage of the backcross high jump by means of the electromyography acquisition instrument and the electromyography analysis software, to find out the time sequence, the end time and the duration of the takeoff leg muscle in the take-off stage. It is hoped that the RMS amplitude, EMG integral value and contribution rate will provide some help to the teaching and training of the back-and-over high jump, and can standardize and accurately the students' take-off movements and improve the scores of the students in the back-and-over high jump. Methods: a total of 32 students (male) from College of physical Education of Shanxi normal University were selected. Among them, 2 high jumpers (3 years training years), 15 track and field majors (2 years training years) and 15 track and field students (6 months training years). The subjects were not engaged in strenuous exercise 24 hours before the experiment, and there was no muscle fatigue injury. Using the DELSYS Trigno Mobil portable 16-channel remote sensing electromyograph made in the United States and the electromyography analysis software, the myoelectric characteristics of the leg during the take-off stage of the back jump were analyzed. The specific indicators include: the onset time of the muscle myoelectric activity. The end time of myoelectric activity, the duration of myoelectric activity, the mean square root of muscle electromyography amplitude, the integral value of muscle electromyography and the contribution rate of muscle. Conclusion: in this study, there is a good timing and regularity of the muscle electromyography of the second grade students in the high jump, and the electromyography of track and field majors is similar to that of the second grade students of the high jump, but there is a overlap of time points in the time sequence. The regularity is not as strong as the second grade students in the high jump, but the muscle electromyography of the track and field students is disorderly in time sequence, which is related to the training years of the students and the physical quality of the students. The characteristics of muscle electromyography of students with different training years showed that the biceps femoris lasted longer and the proportion of generating force was larger. The medial femoral muscle and lateral femoral muscle were the most active and contributing force. The anterior tibial muscle and the semitendinosus muscle are the ones with minimal muscle strength and contribution.
【学位授予单位】：山西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G804.2;G823.1
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