世界优秀女子空手道组手运动员技战术运用研究

发布时间：2018-10-20 20:51

【摘要】：自2006年国家体育总局正式把空手道项目引进国内以来,空手道项目在中国发展迅速,训练和竞技水平随之提高,特别是空手道项目中的“组手”(竞技对抗),通过八年的努力,我国空手道健儿特别是女子小级别和大级别获得了突破,在国内外各大赛事均取得了优异的成绩。但我们也应看到我国女子空手道组手运动员实力不均衡和整体实力不强的问题。为了使空手道教练员和运动员能够更清晰地了解世界优秀女子空手道组手运动员在比赛中技战术的运用情况及特点,更及时地把握目前空手道组手技战术发展的主流趋势。为空手道教练员及运动员能有效地和有针对性地进行训练提供相对科学的参考和相应的理论依据。本文以2012年第21届、2014年第22届世界空手道锦标赛女子组手-50kg、-55kg、-61kg、-68kg、+68kg五个级别的决赛、半决赛共30场比赛为研究对象。本文所采用的研究方法为:文献资料法、录像观察法、数理统计法、逻辑分析法,通过这些研究方法和搜集相关空手道的专业知识来对比赛中的技战术运用情况及特点进行统计和分析。研究结果表明：1 拳法技术是世界优秀女子空手道组手运动员最主要的得分技术,摔法技术是使用成功率最高的技术；使用拳法技术以上段拳法技术为主,使用腿法技术以横踢、勾踢为主,使用摔法技术以“扫腿”为主要运用形式的摔法为主。2世界优秀女子空手道组手运动员运用组合技术中以拳法技术组合为主,“前手上段+后手上段”和“上段高冲技术”是拳法组合中使用次数最多的技术组合。3 世界优秀女子空手道组手运动员拳法技术未得分的主要原因是：未把握好时机、施展技术动作被迎击(或互击)；腿法技术未得分的主要原因是：未准确击打得分部位、被对手抓住机会施展摔法；摔法技术未得分的主要原因是：对方脱离成功、未把握好时机导致动作未完成、对手采取抓抱等犯规行为。4世界优秀女子空手道组手运动员使用主动进攻战术、假动作战术、迎击战术较多,使用贴靠战术、迂回战术、防守反击战术相对较少。5世界优秀女子空手道组手运动员在边角区域中,位于里角位置运用战术以迎击战术、贴靠战术、假动作战术为主,外角位置运用战术以主动进攻战术、假动作战术为主。
[Abstract]:Since the State Administration of Sports formally introduced karate projects into China in 2006, karate projects have developed rapidly in China, and their training and competitive level have been raised, especially the "group players" (competitive confrontation) in karate projects, which have been developed through eight years of hard work. Chinese karate athletes, especially women in small and large levels, have made a breakthrough, and have achieved excellent results in major competitions at home and abroad. But we should also see that the strength of Chinese women karate group players is not balanced and the overall strength is not strong. In order to enable the karate coaches and athletes to understand more clearly the application and characteristics of the world's outstanding women karate players in the competition, and to grasp the current mainstream trend of the development of karate hand techniques and tactics in a more timely manner. It provides relative scientific reference and corresponding theoretical basis for karate coaches and athletes to train effectively and pertinently. In this paper, the women's hands of the 21st World Karate Championships in 2012 and the 22nd World Karate Championship in 2014 were chosen as the research objects. The finalists of the five levels of 68kg, the semifinals and the semi-finals, were divided into 30 matches. The research methods used in this paper are: document method, video observation method, mathematical statistics method, logical analysis method, Through these research methods and collect the relevant karate professional knowledge to the match technical and tactical application situation and the characteristic carries on the statistics and the analysis. The results show that: (1) Boxing technique is the most important scoring technique for elite women karate athletes in the world. Leg technique is mainly used in cross kick, hook kick, and fall technique is mainly used in the form of "sweeping legs". 2 among the combination techniques used by the world's elite women karate athletes, the combination of boxing techniques is the main method. "forehand and back hand" and "upper paragraph high-impact technique" are the most frequently used combination of boxing. 3 the main reason why the world's elite women karate players did not score in boxing technique is that they have not grasped the right time. The main reasons for the failure to score in leg technique are: not hitting the scoring site accurately and being seized by the opponent, and the main reason for the failure to score is that the other side is divorced from success, the main reason for the failure to score is that the opponent is not able to score the score, and the main reason for the failure to score is that the opponent is not able to score the score. Failure to grasp a good opportunity leads to uncompleted action, and the opponent adopts fouls such as clasping and holding. (4) World elite women karate group players use active attack tactics, false action tactics, and attack tactics, and use close tactics, detour tactics, etc. The defensive counter-attack tactics are relatively few. 5 in the corner area, the elite women karate players in the world use tactics in the corner position to meet the tactics, stick to the tactics, fake action tactics, and use the tactics in the outer corner position to take the initiative offensive tactics. False action and tactics are dominant.
【学位授予单位】：北京体育大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G886.5

【相似文献】