北宋军事体育研究

发布时间：2018-10-21 16:43

【摘要】：北宋是我国古代军事体育异常繁荣的一个时期,北宋的军事体育发展既有对前面朝代优秀军事体育文化如兵法、武学制度等的继承和发展,又有武学和军事体育官职等的创立,在中国古代军事体育发展中起到了承上启下的作用。北宋时期战争频繁,民族和阶级矛盾尖锐,统治者重视发展军事体育,重视军事体育人才的选拔培养,重视对士兵和平民的军事体育训练,并形成了一套完善的军事体育系统,极具研究价值。本文采用了文献资料法、历史分析法等研究方法,从众多史书记载中寻找与北宋军事体育相关的内容,分析总结北宋军事体育的概况、特点和形成背后的原因及启示。北宋军事体育在独特的历史背景下,在军事体育人才的选拔与考核、军事体育人才的培养与管理、军事体育训练的内容与方法等方面形成了一定的特点。北宋时期的武举制与唐代相比,选拔与考核等更加系统完善,文武并重;在军事体育人才的培养与管理方面,北宋创立了武学,开启了规范化军事体育教育的先河;在正规军队与民兵训练中,教头等职官的设置以及将兵法和保甲法的推行,无一不推动了北宋的军事体育训练正规化和系统完善化;在军事体育器械方面,除了常见长兵器的训练内容和方法更加丰富多样,也在战争中增添了许多新奇的兵器。北宋军事体育发展的如此繁荣完善的原因,一是民族矛盾和阶级矛盾的尖锐与不可调和;二是北宋在军事体育人才的选拔、培养和训练中形成的完善机制;三是统治者的喜好和重视,间接的推动了民间的习武风潮的形成;四是北宋军队的士兵在没有战争时,为了娱乐和给统治者表演而进行的军事体育活动丰富多彩。北宋时期的武举制度、武学、教头、教法格等的实行都极大地推动了北宋军事体育的发展,提高北宋军事体育的实力,既有对前朝优秀军事体育文化的继承与发展,又有对军事体育文化的创新之处。
[Abstract]:The Northern Song Dynasty was a period of extraordinary prosperity of ancient military sports in China. The development of military sports in the Northern Song Dynasty not only inherited and developed the excellent military sports culture of the previous dynasties, such as the art of war and the system of martial arts, but also established the official grades of martial arts and military sports. In the ancient Chinese military sports development has played a connecting role. During the Northern Song Dynasty, there were frequent wars and sharp ethnic and class contradictions. The rulers attached importance to the development of military sports, the selection and training of military sports talents, the training of military sports for soldiers and civilians, and formed a set of perfect military sports system. It is of great research value. By using the methods of literature and historical analysis, this paper looks for the contents related to military sports in the Northern Song Dynasty from many historical records, and analyzes and summarizes the general situation, characteristics, reasons behind the formation and enlightenment of military sports in the Northern Song Dynasty. Under the unique historical background, military sports in the Northern Song Dynasty has formed certain characteristics in the selection and examination of military sports talents, the training and management of military sports talents, the contents and methods of military sports training, etc. Compared with the Tang Dynasty, the system of military education in the Northern Song Dynasty was more systematic and perfect, and the cultivation and management of military and sports talents were emphasized as well, and the Northern Song Dynasty established the martial education, which opened the first step of standardized military physical education. In the regular military and militia training, the establishment of instructors and other officials, as well as the implementation of the military and Baojia laws, have all promoted the formalization and systematic perfection of military sports training in the Northern Song Dynasty; in the area of military sports equipment, In addition to the common long weapons training content and methods more diverse, but also in the war added a lot of novel weapons. The reasons for the prosperity and perfection of the development of military sports in the Northern Song Dynasty include the sharp and irreconcilable national and class contradictions, the perfect mechanism formed in the selection, training and training of military sports talents in the Northern Song Dynasty. Third, the ruler's preference and attention, indirectly promoted the formation of folk martial arts; fourth, the Northern Song army soldiers in the absence of war, for entertainment and performance for the ruler of the military sports activities rich and colorful. In the Northern Song Dynasty, the implementation of the system of military exercises, martial studies, instructors and teaching methods greatly promoted the development of military sports in the Northern Song Dynasty, and improved the strength of military sports in the Northern Song Dynasty, and both inherited and developed the excellent military sports culture of the former Dynasty. Also has the innovation to the military sports culture.
【学位授予单位】：南京体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G873

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