核心力量训练在我国体育院系篮球专项学生体能训练中的应用

发布时间：2018-10-23 12:51

【摘要】：核心力量训练也被称为功能性训练、核心稳定性训练,起源于康复领域,逐步被体育学界所重视,20世纪末传入中国,核心力量训练可以提升运动员的运动能力和竞技水平,增强运动员的运动表现,在职业篮球领域核心力量训练已经非常普及,但是在我国体育院系篮球专项课中,体能训练还是以传统的力量训练为主,篮球核心力量训练还较为少见。本研究以我国体育院系篮球专项学生为研究对象,采用文献资料法、专家访谈法、问卷调查法、实验法、数理统计法,构建篮球专项核心力量训练方法体系,包括训练计划和训练内容,求证篮球专项学生通过核心力量训练对其身体素质(速度、力量、耐力、灵敏、柔韧)和篮球各项技术(有球技术和无球技术)的影响,对运动损伤的预防以及核心力量训练应用于在篮球专项训练中的价值。本文的主要结论：(1)提出了完整的篮球专项核心力量训练体系,其中包括徒手训练方法、结合器械训练方法、结合篮球技术的训练方法共31种,16周的篮球核心力量训练计划设计。(2)通过进行16周,每周2次30min的训练实验,实验后对身体素质测试结果进行对比发现,实验组相比对照组在力量、速度、爆发力、柔韧测试中,提升幅度明显,p0.05均存在显著性差异。耐力素质无明显提升,p0.05无显著差异,说明核心力量训练对学生力量、速度、爆发力、柔韧素质提升更加明显。(3)实验后对篮球技术测试结果进行对比发现,实验组相比对照组,在有球技术和无球技术上,提升幅度明显,p0.05均存在显著性差异,说明篮球核心力量训练对学生篮球技术的提高更加明显。(4)实验后对运动损伤情况调查发现,实验组25%的学生出现运动损伤,对照组50%出现运动损伤,p0.05存在显著性差异,说明核心力量训练可以起到预防运动损伤的效果。主要建议如下：(1)核心力量训练已经成为当代篮球训练中不可或缺的一个部分,在高校体育院系篮球专项课中加入核心力量训练势在必行,各高校体育教师和教练员应该重视核心力量训练的实践和应用。(2)篮球核心力量训练动作的的选择上,要与篮球项目的特征和专项技术相结合,使训练的内容与专项更接近,训练过程中难度由易到难循序渐进逐步提高,促进运动技能的正迁移。(3)在进行体能训练时应尽量把一般力量训练与核心力量训练以及专项力量训练相结合,在锻炼大肌群力量的同时兼顾小肌群,这样才能保证运动员体能训练效果的的系统性和完整性。(4)在体育院系篮球训练过程中,应采用多种核心力量训练手段,在方法上不断地进行创新,研究出更多的有关篮球核心力量训练方法。
[Abstract]:Core strength training is also called functional training, core stability training, originated in the field of rehabilitation, gradually paid attention to by sports circles, the end of the 20th century into China, core strength training can improve athletes' sports ability and competitive level. To enhance athletes' sports performance, core strength training in the field of professional basketball has been very popular, but in the special basketball courses in Chinese sports academies and departments, physical training is still dominated by traditional strength training. Basketball core strength training is relatively rare. This study takes basketball special students in physical education colleges and departments of our country as the research object, adopts the method of literature, expert interview, questionnaire investigation, experiment, mathematical statistics, and constructs the training method system of basketball special core strength. Including training plan and training content, to verify the influence of basketball special students on their physical quality (speed, strength, endurance, agility, flexibility) and basketball techniques (ball technique and ball free technique) through core strength training. The value of the prevention of sports injury and the application of core strength training in basketball training. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: (1) A complete training system of basketball special core strength is put forward, which includes unarmed training method, combined with equipment training method, There are 31 kinds of training methods combined with basketball technique, and the training plan of basketball core strength is designed for 16 weeks. (2) through the 30min training experiment twice a week for 16 weeks, the results of physical fitness test are compared and found after the experiment. Compared with the control group, the strength, speed, explosive force and flexibility test in the experimental group, the increase range was obvious, p0.05 were significant differences. There was no significant difference in endurance quality and p0.05, which indicated that the core strength training was more significant for the improvement of students' strength, speed, explosive power and flexibility. (3) after the experiment, the results of basketball technique test were compared, and the experimental group was compared with the control group. In ball technique and ball free technique, the improvement range is obvious, p0.05 has significant difference, which shows that basketball core strength training is more obvious to improve students basketball technology. (4) investigation of sports injury after experiment, Exercise injury occurred in 25% of the students in the experimental group and 50% in the control group. There was a significant difference between the two groups (p0.05), which indicated that the core strength training could prevent the sports injury. The main suggestions are as follows: (1) Core strength training has become an indispensable part of contemporary basketball training. Physical education teachers and coaches in colleges and universities should attach importance to the practice and application of core strength training. (2) the selection of basketball core strength training actions should be combined with the characteristics of basketball events and special techniques, so that the training content is closer to the special ones. In the process of training, the difficulty is gradually raised from easy to difficult, which promotes the positive transfer of motor skills. (3) General strength training should be combined with core strength training and special strength training when carrying out physical training. In order to ensure the systematicness and integrality of athletes' physical training effect, we should take various core force training methods into account in the course of basketball training in physical education colleges and departments, while taking into account the small muscle group while exercising the major muscle group strength, so as to ensure the systematicness and integrality of athletes' physical training effect. In the method continuously carries on the innovation, studies more about the basketball core strength training method.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G841-4

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