不同相对力量运动员后激活增强效应的差异性分析

发布时间：2018-11-20 08:14

【摘要】：后激活增强效应(postactivation potentiation)指一次性最大或者次最大力量负荷后爆发性运动表现提高的一种现象。研究目的:探寻不同相对力量水平的运动员后激活增强效应的差异,进一步分析肌肉力量在后激活效应中的作用。研究意义:研究结论有助于将PAP效应更好的应用到实际训练和比赛中,来提高运动表现和训练效果,为运动项目赛前热身活动以及爆发力训练的传统安排提供理论及实践意义。研究方法:以北京体育大学竞技体校36名不同相对力量水平的摔跤运动员(年龄18.1±2、身高176.1±6.5、体脂16.5±5.2)为测试对象,以80%1RM*5的深蹲作为后激活效应的诱导负荷。启动Mega Win程序对神经肌肉特征进行观察;采用smart speed对30米运动表现进行测试;对后激活前后跳远成绩进行测量。研究结果:(1)PAP诱导后,相对力量与臀大肌、股直肌、股内侧肌、胫骨前肌的标准化积分肌电相关性非常显著(P0.01);相对力量与股二头肌和腓肠肌的标准化积分肌电相关性显著(P0.05);相对力量与股外侧肌的标准化积分肌电相关性不显著(P0.05)。(2)PAP诱导后,相对力量与臀大肌、股外侧肌、腓肠肌的均方根振幅相关性非常显著(P0.01),相对力量与股二头肌和股内侧肌的均方根振幅相关性显著(P0.05),相对力量与股直肌和胫骨前肌的均方根振幅相关性不显著(P0.05)。(3)相对力量在PAP诱导后对跳远成绩具有显著影响(P0.05)。(4)相对力量在PAP诱导后对30米成绩具有非常显著影响(P0.01)。结论:1、不同相对力量运动员后激活增强效应不同。2、后激活增强效应有随着相对力量的增加而逐渐增加的趋势。3、相对力量大于1.75时可以诱导出较强的后激活增强现象。
[Abstract]:Post-Activation Enhancement effect (postactivation potentiation) is a phenomenon in which the explosive motion performance increases after a single maximum or sub-maximum force load. Objective: to explore the difference of post-activation enhancement effect in athletes with different relative strength levels and to further analyze the role of muscle strength in post-activation effect. Research significance: the research conclusion is helpful to apply the PAP effect to the actual training and competition, to improve the performance and training effect, and to provide theoretical and practical significance for the traditional arrangement of pre-match warm-up activities and explosive force training in sports events. Methods: 36 wrestlers with different relative strength levels (age 18.1 卤2, height 176.1 卤6.5, body fat 16.5 卤5.2) were used as subjects. Crouching of 80%1RM*5 was used as the induced load of post-activation effect. Start the Mega Win program to observe the neuromuscular characteristics; use smart speed to test the performance of 30 meters; measure the long jump performance before and after activation. The results showed that: (1) after PAP induction, there was a significant correlation between the relative strength and the standardized integral electromyography of gluteus maximus, rectus femoris, medial femoral muscle and anterior tibial muscle (P0.01); There was significant correlation between relative strength and standardized integral myography of biceps femoris and gastrocnemius (P0.05). There was no significant correlation between relative strength and the standardized integral electromyography of lateral femoral muscle (P0.05). (2). After PAP induction, the correlation between relative strength and root-mean-square amplitude of gluteus maximus muscle, lateral femoral muscle and gastrocnemius muscle was very significant (P0.01). There was a significant correlation between relative strength and root-mean-square amplitude of biceps femoris and medial femoral muscles (P0.05). There was no significant correlation between relative strength and root mean square amplitude of rectus femoris and anterior tibial muscle (P0.05). (3). Relative strength had significant effect on long jump performance after PAP induction (P0.05). (4). There is a significant effect on the 30 m result after the guide (P0.01). Conclusion: 1, the post-activation enhancement effect of athletes with different relative strength is different, and the post-activation enhancement effect has the tendency of increasing gradually with the increase of relative strength. When the relative force is greater than 1.75, a strong post-activation enhancement can be induced.
【学位授予单位】：北京体育大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G886.2

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