规则的演变与我国乒乓球持拍技术流派兴衰的关系
发布时间：2018-11-21 20:04
【摘要】：里约奥运会中国乒乓球队取得了较好的成绩,把兵乓球这项运动推向了新的高度,同时2016年全面推行新材料球的措施,也让乒乓球规则的演变进入人们的视野。国际乒联针对规则的改变越发频繁,不管是在场馆器材上还是比赛赛制上都有所改动,从大球的推广再到塑料球球体的改变,从无机胶水代替有机胶水这些都使球在速度和旋转上受到了影响,而21分制缩短成11分制,使比赛更加具有偶然性,当然这些规则在提高乒乓球比赛的观赏程度,让更多人喜欢这项运动上起到了重要的作用,但是随着规则的不断演变,直板选手越来越少,如今国家队除了许昕,都是横板选手,乒乓球握拍的单一化,并不利于乒乓球长久的发展,通过分析2000年以后规则改变中我国优秀乒乓球直板运动员的比赛和解读当今横板优秀运动员技战术打法特点,找出规则的演变对于握拍的的冲击。本文通过文献资料法、视频分析法对规则的演变,优秀横板与直板运动员的比赛进行了解析,得出了以下结论:(1)在直板发展的高峰期阶段,并没有在世界范围很好的推广,一直以来都只是在中国、韩国、日本等亚洲区域运动员使用,参考对象不足,群众基础相对薄弱,能够收集到的资料就非常有限。横板打法通过庞大的数据资料在不断完善打法特点和发明新的打法,直板只能结合当今主流打法同时根据握拍特点不断摸索。(2)如今直板的打法在一定程度上受到了握拍的局限性,随着无机胶水和塑料球的使用,球速的前冲力下降,旋转变弱,发球和发球抢攻的威力有所下降,更有利于接发球方,同时优先选择抢先上手进攻成为接发球主要手段,这样的打法对直板运动员擅长控制的打法是一种冲击。(3)随着规则的演变,在打法上发生了变化,横板的弧圈结合快攻的打法,反手进攻在一定程度上增加了使用,在接发球段更多的使用拧拉的进攻技术手段,同时相持阶段不再是正手进攻占主导地位,而是正反手对拉共同支撑着,而直板选手的反手一直以来都是弱项,他们在接发球阶段更多的还是通过侧身和控制的手段,侧身虽然也是抢占先机,给对方留出很大的空间,虽然发明了直板横打的技术,但技术要求太高,选手更多的进攻还是放在正手,所以直板打法到现在也没有一个完善的技术体系。(4)由于我国的体制原因,乒乓球又是常年的冠军项目,优胜劣汰竞争过于激烈,太过于看重成绩,而横板上手简单,好培养,容易出成绩,以及打法顺应规则的改变,而直板受握拍,以及初级学球阶段在推挡和横打上存在着不确定性,导致直板运动员越来越少。
[Abstract]:The Chinese table tennis team in Rio Olympic Games has made good achievements, which has pushed the game to a new height. At the same time, the comprehensive implementation of the new material ball measures in 2016 has also brought the evolution of table tennis rules into people's view. The International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF) is changing the rules more and more frequently, from the promotion of large balls to the change of plastic ball balls, both in the stadium and in the competition system. From inorganic glue instead of organic glue, these have affected the speed and rotation of the ball, while the 21-point system has been shortened to 11 points, making the game more incidental. Of course, these rules are improving the viewing degree of the table tennis game. Making more people like this sport has played an important role, but as the rules continue to evolve, there are fewer and fewer straight board players. Now, except for Xu Xin, the national team is all horizontal board players, and the ping-pong grip is single. It is not conducive to the development of table tennis for a long time. By analyzing the competition of the excellent table tennis players in China after 2000 and interpreting the characteristics of the techniques and tactics of the excellent players of the horizontal board, this paper finds out the impact of the evolution of the rules on the grip of the pat. In this paper, the evolution of the rules and the competition between the excellent cross board and straight board athletes are analyzed by the method of literature and video analysis. The conclusions are as follows: (1) in the peak stage of the development of straight board, It has been used only in China, South Korea, Japan and other Asian regions. The reference objects are not enough, the mass base is relatively weak, and the data that can be collected is very limited. The cross board playing method is constantly improving the characteristics of the playing method and inventing a new one through a large amount of data. The straight board can only be combined with today's mainstream playing method and constantly groping according to the characteristics of the grip. (2) nowadays, the straight board playing method is limited to some extent by the grip, with the use of inorganic glue and plastic balls, the forward impulse of the ball speed decreases. As the rotation weakens, the power of the serve and the serve grabs is reduced, which is more favorable to the receiving side. At the same time, priority is given to the use of the preemptive attack as the main means of receiving the serve. This kind of play is a kind of impact to the straight board athletes who are good at controlling. (3) with the evolution of the rules, there has been a change in the playing method. The crossbar arc ring combined with the fast break method, the backhand attack has to a certain extent increased the use of the backhand attack. In the receiving and serving section, more use of twisting and pulling offensive techniques is used. At the same time, the forehand attack is no longer dominant, but the forehand to pull is supported together, and the backhand of the straight board player has always been weak. They are more likely to use sideways and controls in the receiving and serving stage. Although the sideways are also preemptive and give each other a lot of space, although they have invented the technology of straight and horizontal beating, the technical requirements are too high. The players still put more attacks on the forehand, so there is no perfect technical system for the straight board play. (4) because of the institutional reasons of our country, table tennis is also a perennial champion, and the competition for survival of the fittest is too fierce. Too much emphasis on performance, while the cross board is simple, easy to train, easy to score, and to change the rules of play, while the straight board is held, and there is uncertainty in the push and the cross at the beginning of learning the ball. As a result, there are fewer and fewer straight board athletes.
【学位授予单位】：南京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G846
本文编号：2348133
[Abstract]:The Chinese table tennis team in Rio Olympic Games has made good achievements, which has pushed the game to a new height. At the same time, the comprehensive implementation of the new material ball measures in 2016 has also brought the evolution of table tennis rules into people's view. The International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF) is changing the rules more and more frequently, from the promotion of large balls to the change of plastic ball balls, both in the stadium and in the competition system. From inorganic glue instead of organic glue, these have affected the speed and rotation of the ball, while the 21-point system has been shortened to 11 points, making the game more incidental. Of course, these rules are improving the viewing degree of the table tennis game. Making more people like this sport has played an important role, but as the rules continue to evolve, there are fewer and fewer straight board players. Now, except for Xu Xin, the national team is all horizontal board players, and the ping-pong grip is single. It is not conducive to the development of table tennis for a long time. By analyzing the competition of the excellent table tennis players in China after 2000 and interpreting the characteristics of the techniques and tactics of the excellent players of the horizontal board, this paper finds out the impact of the evolution of the rules on the grip of the pat. In this paper, the evolution of the rules and the competition between the excellent cross board and straight board athletes are analyzed by the method of literature and video analysis. The conclusions are as follows: (1) in the peak stage of the development of straight board, It has been used only in China, South Korea, Japan and other Asian regions. The reference objects are not enough, the mass base is relatively weak, and the data that can be collected is very limited. The cross board playing method is constantly improving the characteristics of the playing method and inventing a new one through a large amount of data. The straight board can only be combined with today's mainstream playing method and constantly groping according to the characteristics of the grip. (2) nowadays, the straight board playing method is limited to some extent by the grip, with the use of inorganic glue and plastic balls, the forward impulse of the ball speed decreases. As the rotation weakens, the power of the serve and the serve grabs is reduced, which is more favorable to the receiving side. At the same time, priority is given to the use of the preemptive attack as the main means of receiving the serve. This kind of play is a kind of impact to the straight board athletes who are good at controlling. (3) with the evolution of the rules, there has been a change in the playing method. The crossbar arc ring combined with the fast break method, the backhand attack has to a certain extent increased the use of the backhand attack. In the receiving and serving section, more use of twisting and pulling offensive techniques is used. At the same time, the forehand attack is no longer dominant, but the forehand to pull is supported together, and the backhand of the straight board player has always been weak. They are more likely to use sideways and controls in the receiving and serving stage. Although the sideways are also preemptive and give each other a lot of space, although they have invented the technology of straight and horizontal beating, the technical requirements are too high. The players still put more attacks on the forehand, so there is no perfect technical system for the straight board play. (4) because of the institutional reasons of our country, table tennis is also a perennial champion, and the competition for survival of the fittest is too fierce. Too much emphasis on performance, while the cross board is simple, easy to train, easy to score, and to change the rules of play, while the straight board is held, and there is uncertainty in the push and the cross at the beginning of learning the ball. As a result, there are fewer and fewer straight board athletes.
【学位授予单位】：南京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G846
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