太极拳运动对轻度认知障碍老年人神经心理的影响

发布时间：2018-12-07 14:15

【摘要】：研究目的:本研究通过对无运动轻度认知障碍老年人和练习太极拳轻度认知障碍老年人食指摆动频率的研究,观察不同组别老年人食指频率特征,探讨轻度认知障碍和太极拳习练对老年人的神经反射功能状况的影响;继而通过对无运动和太极拳轻度认知障碍的老年人进行2-Back任务、More-Odd Shifting任务和改良Flanker任务的检测,探讨太极拳对轻度认知障碍患者认知执行功能的影响。研究将为太极拳对轻度认知障碍患者神经心理的影响提供实验依据。研究方法:受试者来源于社区居民和老年大学老年人。太极拳锻炼标准为具有超过18个月的规律性太极拳习练经历,每周习练次数2次,每次2.5 h集中训练。按照纳入标准进行筛选355人(无运动习惯老年人149人,练习太极拳老年人206人)进行Mo CA量表的检测,根据Mo CA量表的得分分为轻度认知障碍老年人(N=109)和非轻度认知障碍老年人(N=246)。对其中109名轻度认知障碍的老年人进行性别、年龄的配对后分为2组,分别为无运动组(M组,n=30)和太极拳组(TM组,n=30)。所有受试者均为右利手,需进行自愿参与,且均签订知情同意书。筛选出的受试者进行食指指频测试后,再分别从两组中配对抽出10名自愿参与事件相关电位测试的老年人,组成无运动执行功能组(TNZ组)和太极拳执行功能组(TMZ组),对其进行改良Flanker范式的事件相关电位P300测试以及2—Back任务和More—Odd Shifting任务。结果:两组轻度认知障碍老年人的年龄、身高、体重以及Mo CA均未出现显著性差异。练习太极拳的轻度认知障碍老年人的左、右手指频均显著高于无运动习惯轻度认知障碍老年人(P0.05);两组在行为学数据正确率和反应时上无显著性差异,但在N2潜伏期太极拳执行功能组明显低于无运动执行功能组(P0.05),P300波幅显著高于无运动执行功能组(P0.01)。结论:长期习练太极拳锻炼可以改善轻度认知障碍患者的神经发放速度和执行功能。
[Abstract]:Objective: the purpose of this study was to study the frequency of index finger swing in the elderly with mild cognitive impairment without motor movement and those with mild cognitive impairment of Taijiquan, and to observe the frequency characteristics of index finger in different groups of the elderly. To explore the effect of mild cognitive impairment and Taijiquan exercise on the neuroreflex function of the elderly. Then the effects of Taijiquan on cognitive executive function of patients with mild cognitive impairment were investigated by detecting 2-Back task, More-Odd Shifting task and modified Flanker task in elderly patients with mild cognitive impairment without exercise or Taijiquan. The study will provide experimental evidence for the influence of Taijiquan on the neuropsychology of patients with mild cognitive impairment. Methods: the subjects came from community residents and elderly college seniors. Taijiquan exercise standard for more than 18 months of regular Taijiquan practice experience, 2 times a week, 2.5 hours of concentrated training each time. According to the inclusion criteria, 355 people (149 old people without exercise habit and 206 elderly people practicing Taijiquan) were screened for Mo CA scale. According to the scores of Mo CA, they were divided into mild cognitive impairment elderly (N0 109) and non mild cognitive impairment elderly (N0 246). The gender and age of 109 elderly patients with mild cognitive impairment were divided into two groups: no exercise group (group M, n = 30) and Taijiquan group (group TM, n = 30). All subjects were right-handedness, voluntary participation, and signed informed consent. After the index finger frequency test was performed on the selected subjects, 10 elderly people who volunteered to participate in the event-related potential test were selected from the two groups to form a non-motor executive function group (TNZ group) and a Taijiquan executive function group (TMZ group). The event-related potential P300 test and 2-Back task and More-Odd Shifting task were performed on the modified Flanker paradigm. Results: there was no significant difference in age, height, weight and Mo CA between the two groups. The frequency of left and right fingers in the elderly with mild cognitive impairment in Taijiquan was significantly higher than that in those without exercise habit (P0.05). There was no significant difference in the correct rate of behavioral data and reaction time between the two groups, but the amplitude of P300 was significantly higher in the N2 latency Taijiquan executive function group than that in the non-motor executive function group (P0.05), and the P300 amplitude was significantly higher than that in the non-motor executive function group (P0.01). Conclusion: long-term Taijiquan exercise can improve the speed of nerve release and executive function in patients with mild cognitive impairment.
【学位授予单位】：上海体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G852.11

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