贵州省残疾人竞技游泳运动发展现状调查研究
发布时间：2018-12-14 03:27
【摘要】：残疾人竞技游泳作为贵州省残疾人体育长期发展的主打项目,伴随贵州残疾人体育风雨兼程三十二年,对其进行研究有着重要的历史和现实意义。本文主要采用文献资料法、实地考察法、访谈法、问卷调查法、数理统计法等方法,通过梳理贵州省残疾人游泳运动发展历程,以贵州省残疾人游泳运动发展现状为研究对象,对贵州省残疾人体育管理机构、贵州省残疾人游泳队教练员、运动员以及贵州2016年(18周岁以下)残疾人游泳锦标赛为调查对象,梳理残疾人竞技游泳项目的发展历程,以史为鉴找出成绩下滑因素,从残疾人竞技游泳(管理、训练、竞赛)现状等三个方面进行分析,查找其现存问题,针对问题提出可行性对策,为贵州残疾人竞技游泳发展提供理论参考,以期推动贵州省其他残疾人体育项目的发展。调查结果如下:贵州省残疾人竞技游泳项目近期成绩出现下滑局面,残疾人管理机构组织建设不全,编制少、缺乏残疾人体育专业管理人才;制度体系不完善,管理手段单一,不科学、不切实,无法适应贵州省残疾人游泳的长足发展;经费投入不足,基地建设不够,场地、器材极度缺乏;运动员男女比例不平衡,参赛等级分布不均,来源渠道单一,教育让位于训练问题突出;教练员知识结构薄弱,业务水平、年龄结构参差不齐,培训学习机会少,同时未建立科学合理的教练员选拔、考核、奖励制度;家长支持度高,但社会关注度低,宣传渠道单一,宣传力度不够;选材的路径过于形式,选材范围过于“狭窄”,基层培养输送运动员的意识较薄弱,未建立“行之有效”的选材机制;残联系统缺乏专业的分级人员、裁判员,比赛少、规模小;基层队伍涣散,质量堪忧且运动员各比例不平衡,并有“大年龄,低学历”现象;基层教练员团队流动性大、业务水平低,且基层领导重视程度不够。针对上述结论提出以下对策:(1)完善残疾人体育组织管理结构,成立或分设贵州省残联体育部、残疾人体育运动管理中心,制定出台相关管理制度,完善组织管理体系;(2)加大体育经费投入,拓展融资渠道,动员社会企业事业、社会人士扶持、赞助,同时设立残疾人体育专项基金;(3)加强基地建设,将基地建立于特教学校之内,使其场地资源达到高效利用,实现训练、学习“两不务”;(4)加强教练员业务知识的学习,建立科学、合理的教练员聘用、考核、奖励制度,同时选派优秀的残疾人退役运动员或者优秀的基层教练员到高校学习深造,建立教练员梯队;(5)举办公益性残疾人体育比赛,邀请社会人士、在校学生、大众媒体参与其中,并选派优秀残疾人运动员到学校到社区传播残疾人体育精神,同时拓展传播渠道,单设残疾人文化宣传部;(6)制定“行之有效”的运动员选拔制度,鼓励特教学校、公立学校、社区组织残疾人体育比赛,并挑选残疾人运动员苗子,对优秀的输送单位予以奖励、表彰;(7)制定“适时”发展的残疾人竞赛体育制度,鼓励与高校合作培养、培训专业的残疾人医学分级人员、残疾人运动项目裁判员、残疾人体育管理人员,鼓励大学生到社会、到特教学校、到比赛场上实践学习。
[Abstract]:As the main project of the long-term development of the sports of the disabled in Guizhou, the sports swimming of the disabled is an important historical and practical significance for the study of the sports wind and rain of the disabled in Guizhou. This paper mainly uses the methods of literature, field investigation, interview, questionnaire and mathematical statistics. Through the analysis of the course of the development of the swimming movement of the disabled in Guizhou province, the present situation of the swimming movement of the disabled in Guizhou is the research object. According to the research object of the sports management institution for disabled people in Guizhou, the coaches and athletes of the disabled people's swimming team in Guizhou, as well as the disabled people's swimming championships in 2016 (under the age of 18), the development course of the sports swimming project of the disabled is to be sorted out, and the performance decline factor can be found by the history. This paper analyzes the present situation of the sports swimming (management, training and competition) of the disabled, finds its existing problems, puts forward the feasible countermeasures to the problem, and provides the theoretical reference for the development of the sports swimming in Guizhou with a view to promoting the development of the other disabled people's sports in Guizhou. The results of the survey are as follows: The recent achievements of the sports swimming project of the disabled in Guizhou province have a downward trend, and the organizations of the disabled people's organizations have not complete the construction, the preparation of the few, the lack of the professional management talents of the disabled, the system is not perfect, the management means is single, not scientific, not practical, It is impossible to adapt to the great development of the swimming of disabled people in Guizhou Province; the funds are insufficient, the construction of the base is not enough, the site and the equipment are extremely deficient; the male and female ratio of the athletes is not balanced, the distribution of the competition level is not uniform, the source channel is single, and the education is made to be prominent in the training problem; The coach's knowledge structure is weak, the business level, the age structure are uneven, the training and learning opportunities are few, and the scientific and reasonable coach selection, assessment and reward system are not established; the parent support is high, but the social attention is low, the propaganda channel is single, and the propaganda is not enough; The path of the material selection is too narrow, the material selection range is too narrow, the awareness of the grass-base culture conveying athletes is weak, an effective material selection mechanism is not established, the stub system lacks the professional grading staff, the referee, the competition is small, the scale is small, the grass-roots team is scattered, The quality and the proportion of the athletes are not balanced, and there is a 鈥渉igh age, low degree of education鈥，
本文编号：2377829
[Abstract]:As the main project of the long-term development of the sports of the disabled in Guizhou, the sports swimming of the disabled is an important historical and practical significance for the study of the sports wind and rain of the disabled in Guizhou. This paper mainly uses the methods of literature, field investigation, interview, questionnaire and mathematical statistics. Through the analysis of the course of the development of the swimming movement of the disabled in Guizhou province, the present situation of the swimming movement of the disabled in Guizhou is the research object. According to the research object of the sports management institution for disabled people in Guizhou, the coaches and athletes of the disabled people's swimming team in Guizhou, as well as the disabled people's swimming championships in 2016 (under the age of 18), the development course of the sports swimming project of the disabled is to be sorted out, and the performance decline factor can be found by the history. This paper analyzes the present situation of the sports swimming (management, training and competition) of the disabled, finds its existing problems, puts forward the feasible countermeasures to the problem, and provides the theoretical reference for the development of the sports swimming in Guizhou with a view to promoting the development of the other disabled people's sports in Guizhou. The results of the survey are as follows: The recent achievements of the sports swimming project of the disabled in Guizhou province have a downward trend, and the organizations of the disabled people's organizations have not complete the construction, the preparation of the few, the lack of the professional management talents of the disabled, the system is not perfect, the management means is single, not scientific, not practical, It is impossible to adapt to the great development of the swimming of disabled people in Guizhou Province; the funds are insufficient, the construction of the base is not enough, the site and the equipment are extremely deficient; the male and female ratio of the athletes is not balanced, the distribution of the competition level is not uniform, the source channel is single, and the education is made to be prominent in the training problem; The coach's knowledge structure is weak, the business level, the age structure are uneven, the training and learning opportunities are few, and the scientific and reasonable coach selection, assessment and reward system are not established; the parent support is high, but the social attention is low, the propaganda channel is single, and the propaganda is not enough; The path of the material selection is too narrow, the material selection range is too narrow, the awareness of the grass-base culture conveying athletes is weak, an effective material selection mechanism is not established, the stub system lacks the professional grading staff, the referee, the competition is small, the scale is small, the grass-roots team is scattered, The quality and the proportion of the athletes are not balanced, and there is a 鈥渉igh age, low degree of education鈥，
本文编号：2377829
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