第31届奥运会女足比赛强度初步分析

发布时间：2019-01-16 02:12

【摘要】：据历史考证,女子足球的历史几乎与男子足球一样长。中国是世界上开展女子足球运动最早的国家。现代女子足球诞生于英格兰。女子足球与男子足球一样在比赛时间以及形式同等。20世纪70年代开始现代女子足球受到关注,并得到国际足联的支持。1991年国际足联正式举办了首届世界杯女子足球锦标赛,1996年女子足球被列为第26届奥运会正式比赛项目。从此奥运会女足比赛和世界杯女足比赛成为当今世界女子足球运动最重要和最顶级的赛。本文主要运用文献资料法、问卷调查法、录像观察法、数理统计法和逻辑分析法等对第31届奥运会女足比赛强度进行初步分析。依次从比赛的净时间、抢断球次数、进攻前场30米次数、高强度的跑动距离、冲刺跑距离、前场紧逼次数、犯规次数、角球数量、界外球数量、红、黄牌数量、越位等一些指标中试图从中找出世界女足优秀球队比赛强度的特征,以及对我国女子足球运动发展的启示。研究结论如下:(1)第31届奥运会女足队伍在净时间的统计中高于以往比赛净时间,通过相关性检验证实,净时间的提高对于比赛强度和激烈程度有一定的影响。在比赛中强弱队最大的差别不仅仅是在比分上,强队的净时间都会高于弱队。在强强对决的时候净时间多的队伍在对比赛的掌控要强于对手,赢得比赛的机会更大。在弱队与弱队之间比赛净时间往往会少于强队之间,如传球失误、球出界、角球等会让比赛时间停顿,不仅影响比赛净时间,还会影响比赛强度和激烈程度。(2)抢断球次数可以体现队伍的攻防转化的速度。抢球和断球的能力是一支队伍防守能力的体现。在抢断过程中有高强度的身体对抗和在高速跑动下的抢断,在这样的过程中首先运动员必须具备良好的体能和身体素质。(3)前场30米区域在近年足球比赛中被誉为进攻的有效区域,在这一区域中首先是进球数量的增加。第二,在前场30米的范围内逼抢也比在其它区域更为激烈。比赛中进攻前场30次数的多少反应了队伍的整体实力,侧面反映了比赛的连贯性。(4)高强度跑动和冲刺跑是体现比赛强度的重要特征之一。运动员的比赛活动能力也在其中突显出来。在高强度跑和冲刺跑的均值上中国队是要弱于其它强队。能改善队员的跑动状况在今后的比赛中才能够提高强度。(5)近些年的足球比赛中前场紧逼高压反抢技战术日益凸显,增加了比赛的强度和进攻难度,更为重要的是反抢后快速进攻得分也成为足球比赛中很重要的得分手段。(6)犯规产生了直接任意球和间接任意球。在比赛中难免的身体接触会造成犯规产生任意球,现代足球提倡任意球快发,减少时间提高进攻和进球的成功率。(7)角球是重新开始比赛的一种方法,发角球的同时也是足球战术的一种体现。(8)界外球和角球一样也是重新开始比赛的一种方法,界外球的增多可以反映比赛拼抢激烈导致球出界。(9)心理因素,运动员在比赛场和训练场的心理变化大不一样。比赛类型、规模、环境也会影响运动员心理,通过外界刺激随之会产生心理定向,会导致神经中枢系统过度抑制扩散。心理影响生理影响比赛强度。。
[Abstract]:According to historical research, the history of women's football is almost as long as that of men. China is the first country to carry out women's football in the world. Modern women's football is born in England. The women's football is the same as the men's football in the time and form of the competition. The modern women's football has been paid attention in the 1970s. In 1991, the first World Cup Women's Football Championship was held, and in 1996 women's football was listed as the 26th Olympic Games. Since then, the Women's Football Match and the World Cup Women's Football Match have become the most important and top-class competition for women's football in the world today. This paper mainly uses the methods of literature, questionnaire, video observation, mathematical statistics and logic analysis to make a preliminary analysis of the strength of the women's foot in the 31st Olympic Games. the net time of the game, the number of times of breaking the ball, the number of times of the front field of the attack, the running distance of the high-strength, the running distance of the sprint, the number of the front yard, the number of fouls, the number of the angle balls, the number of the external balls, the number of red and yellow cards, This paper tries to find out the characteristics of the strength of the world's excellent team and its enlightenment to the development of Chinese women's football. The results of the study are as follows: (1) The net time of the 31st Olympic Games women's foot is higher than the net time in the past, and the correlation test shows that the improvement of net time has a certain effect on the strength and intensity of the competition. The biggest difference between the strong and weak teams in the game is not only on the score, but the net time of the strong team is higher than that of the weak team. At the time of the strong competition, the team has more control over the competition than the opponent, and the chance to win the game is greater. The net time between the weak team and the weak team is often less than that of the strong team, such as a passing error, a ball-out and a corner ball, so that the competition time is stopped, and the net time of the game is not only influenced, but also the strength and the intensity of the game can be influenced. (2) The number of times of breaking the ball can reflect the speed of the team's attack and defense. The ability to rob and break the ball is a reflection of a team's defensive ability. In the process of breaking off, there is a high-strength body-to-body confrontation and a quick break under high-speed running, and in such a process, the athletes must have good physical and physical fitness. (3) The 30-meter area of the front yard is known as the effective area of the attack in the recent years, and the first in this area is the increase of the number of goals. Second, it is also more intense in the range of 30 m of the front yard than in other areas. The total strength of the team was reflected in the 30 times of the attack in the game, and the side reflected the consistency of the game. (4) High-strength running and sprinting are one of the important features of the competition strength. The player's ability to play is also highlighted. China is weaker than other strong teams on the average of high-strength running and sprinting. the invention can improve the running condition of the player and improve the strength in the future competition. (5) In recent years, the high-pressure anti-rob technique has become more and more prominent in the football match in recent years, increasing the strength and the attack difficulty of the game, and more importantly, the fast attack score after the anti-rob is also an important means of scoring in the football match. (6) The foul produces a direct free kick and an indirect free kick. The inevitable physical contact in the game can lead to a free kick for the foul, and the modern football promotes the free kick, reduces the time and improves the success rate of the attack and the goal. (7) The angle ball is one of the ways to re-start the game, and the angle ball is also a reflection of the football tactics. (8) The outer ball and the angle ball are also a method of re-starting the game, and the increase of the external ball can reflect the competition and the fierce competition. (9) The psychological factors and the psychological changes of the athletes in the playing field and the training field are different. The type, scale and environment of the game can also affect the psychology of the athletes, and the psychological orientation can be generated by the external stimulus, which can lead to the excessive inhibition of the diffusion of the nerve center system. The influence of psychology on the strength of the game.
【学位授予单位】：武汉体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G843

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