8周大强度间歇训练对普通年轻男性心肺功能及有氧运动能力的影响
发布时间：2019-01-22 15:26
【摘要】：大强度间歇训练(HIIT)作为热门健身方式,其对身体健康的影响受到国内外学者的广泛关注,与中等强度持续训练(MCT)相比,相似训练量下的两种方式对心肺功能及有氧运动能力的作用一直受到众多研究者争议。本研究拟通过HIIT与MCT,以普通年轻男性为研究对象,比较两种运动方式对心肺功能及运动能力的影响。研究对象为18名健康普通男性大学生(中高强度运动时间,MVPA=43.36±24.61min/d,无系统训练),年龄21.65±1.53岁,身高179.30±6.43cm,体重78.17±12.64kg。随机分成HIIT(n=9)与MCT(n=9)组,分别测量体脂率(Fat%),肺功能及安静状态下的心脏彩超、静息摄氧量及最大摄氧量(GXT测试,初始速度为8km/h,每3min速度增加1km/h,当速度超过12km/h后,每级速度不变,增加1%坡度,直至受试者无法坚持),期间每级负荷末测血乳酸。得到最大摄氧量(VO2max)数据后进行每周3次,持续8周的训练。HIIT方案:90%VO2max训练3min,以25%VO2max间歇2min,往复6组。MCT方案:持续以60%VO2max运动30min。8周训练结束后进行相同的测量。所有结果用均数±标准差表示,训练前后比较采用配对样本T检验,组间差异采用独立样本T检验,P0.05为显著性差异。研究结果显示:(1)两组训练前后体重并没有显著性变化,但两组的Fat%出现了显著的降低。(2)在肺功能方面,HIIT组的肺活量有显著的提高,MCT组均没显著性变化。(3)在心脏形态指标中,两组都没有出现显著性变化,但在心脏功能上,HIIT运动所能达到的最大心率(HRmax),以及安静状态下的心率(Hr)、舒张压(DP)、左心室舒张末期容量(EDV)、每搏输出量(SV)都出现了显著的改善,而MCT仅SV有所改善。(4)训练前后两组的VO2max都有显著提升,组间提升效果不存在差异。(5)在运动能力方面,HIIT组无氧阈出现时间延后、△乳酸量显著上升、运动中的最大心率出现了显著的提升,而MCT则无显著变化。研究结论:HIIT与MCT均能显著的提高VO2max,但在减少脂肪、改善肺功能、心功能及提高有氧运动能力上,HIIT具有更优的训练效果。
[Abstract]:As a popular fitness method, (HIIT) with high intensity interval training has attracted wide attention from scholars at home and abroad, and compared with (MCT) in moderate intensity continuous training. The effects of two kinds of training methods on cardiopulmonary function and aerobic exercise ability have been disputed by many researchers. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of two exercise styles on cardiopulmonary function and exercise ability by HIIT and MCT,. The subjects were 18 normal male college students (MVPA=43.36 卤24.61 min / d, without systematic training), aged 21.65 卤1.53 years, 179.30 卤6.43 cm tall and 78.17 卤12.64 kg. They were randomly divided into HIIT and MCT groups. The body fat rate (Fat%), pulmonary function and cardiac color ultrasound in quiet state, resting oxygen uptake and maximal oxygen uptake (GXT) were measured, respectively. The initial rate was 8 km / h, and the increase of 1 km / h per 3min velocity was 1 km/ h, respectively. When the speed exceeded 12km/h, the velocity of each stage remained unchanged, increasing the slope by 1% until the subjects could not persist), and blood lactic acid was measured at the end of each stage load. The maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) data were obtained 3 times a week for 8 weeks. HIIT regimen: 90%VO2max training 3 mins, 25%VO2max interval 2 mins. Reciprocating 6 groups. MCT scheme: the same measurements were performed after 60%VO2max 30min.8 week training. All the results were expressed as mean 卤standard deviation, compared before and after training with paired sample T test, and the difference between groups was independent sample T test, P0.05 was significant difference. The results showed that: (1) there was no significant change in body weight before and after training, but Fat% decreased significantly in both groups. (2) in terms of lung function, the vital capacity of HIIT group increased significantly. (3) there was no significant change in cardiac morphologic indexes in both groups, but in cardiac function, the maximum heart rate (HRmax), that HIIT could achieve and the heart rate (Hr), in quiet state were not significantly changed. Left ventricular end-diastolic volume (EDV),) output volume (SV) was significantly improved in diastolic blood pressure (DP), while MCT SV was only improved. (4) VO2max was significantly increased in both groups before and after training. (5) in the aspect of exercise ability, the time of anaerobic threshold in HIIT group was delayed, the amount of lactic acid increased significantly, the maximal heart rate in exercise increased significantly, but MCT did not change significantly. Conclusion: both HIIT and MCT can significantly improve VO2max, but HIIT has better training effect in reducing fat, improving lung function, heart function and aerobic exercise ability.
【学位授予单位】：北京体育大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G804.2
本文编号：2413344
[Abstract]:As a popular fitness method, (HIIT) with high intensity interval training has attracted wide attention from scholars at home and abroad, and compared with (MCT) in moderate intensity continuous training. The effects of two kinds of training methods on cardiopulmonary function and aerobic exercise ability have been disputed by many researchers. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of two exercise styles on cardiopulmonary function and exercise ability by HIIT and MCT,. The subjects were 18 normal male college students (MVPA=43.36 卤24.61 min / d, without systematic training), aged 21.65 卤1.53 years, 179.30 卤6.43 cm tall and 78.17 卤12.64 kg. They were randomly divided into HIIT and MCT groups. The body fat rate (Fat%), pulmonary function and cardiac color ultrasound in quiet state, resting oxygen uptake and maximal oxygen uptake (GXT) were measured, respectively. The initial rate was 8 km / h, and the increase of 1 km / h per 3min velocity was 1 km/ h, respectively. When the speed exceeded 12km/h, the velocity of each stage remained unchanged, increasing the slope by 1% until the subjects could not persist), and blood lactic acid was measured at the end of each stage load. The maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) data were obtained 3 times a week for 8 weeks. HIIT regimen: 90%VO2max training 3 mins, 25%VO2max interval 2 mins. Reciprocating 6 groups. MCT scheme: the same measurements were performed after 60%VO2max 30min.8 week training. All the results were expressed as mean 卤standard deviation, compared before and after training with paired sample T test, and the difference between groups was independent sample T test, P0.05 was significant difference. The results showed that: (1) there was no significant change in body weight before and after training, but Fat% decreased significantly in both groups. (2) in terms of lung function, the vital capacity of HIIT group increased significantly. (3) there was no significant change in cardiac morphologic indexes in both groups, but in cardiac function, the maximum heart rate (HRmax), that HIIT could achieve and the heart rate (Hr), in quiet state were not significantly changed. Left ventricular end-diastolic volume (EDV),) output volume (SV) was significantly improved in diastolic blood pressure (DP), while MCT SV was only improved. (4) VO2max was significantly increased in both groups before and after training. (5) in the aspect of exercise ability, the time of anaerobic threshold in HIIT group was delayed, the amount of lactic acid increased significantly, the maximal heart rate in exercise increased significantly, but MCT did not change significantly. Conclusion: both HIIT and MCT can significantly improve VO2max, but HIIT has better training effect in reducing fat, improving lung function, heart function and aerobic exercise ability.
【学位授予单位】：北京体育大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G804.2
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