影响云南省青少年男子竞走运动员竞走技术的运动学因素研究
发布时间：2019-03-03 13:54
【摘要】：竞走是我国田径项目中的优势项目,同时也是云南省的优势项目,近年来我省竞走运动员在国内大赛和在国际大赛成绩的差异较大,在国外大赛中多次出现犯规罚下的情况。我省竞走运动员有得天独厚的高原训练条件,如果在竞走技术上能够有所改善和提高,那么在竞走比赛中将会体现出更加明显的优势。本文通过采用文献资料法、数理统计法、运动生物力学拍摄法、影像解析法等研究方法以云南省青少年男子竞走运动员为研究对象进行研究分析,找出影响云南省青少年男子竞走运动员竞走技术的运动学因素,进而提出对策为云南省青少年的竞走发展提高咨询。通过研究得出以下结论:1)云南省青少年竞走运动员的绝对步幅小,但相对步长(步长与髋的位移比)与我国优秀运动员相比是不处于劣势的;云南省青少年的步频率甲组为3.254±0.099步/s和乙组的3.268±0.009步/s与我国优秀男子竞走运动员的3.428±0.034步/s差异不大。2)云南省青少年男子竞走运动员的踝关节着地瞬间的角度明显过大,着地瞬间的技术不够合理,在垂直瞬间竞走运动员的技术动作比较合理稳定。在离地瞬间后蹬阶段的技术动作比较合理,摆动腿的角度和两大腿的夹角上是合理的。3)云南省青少年男子竞走运动员的上肢摆动技术合理。在下肢的摆动速度方面,我省青少年男子竞走运动员髋关节的摆动速度很合理,但是膝关节、踝关节和脚还存在明显的不足。4)云南省青少年竞走运动员髋关节的运动形式不是围绕三个面的运动,而是围绕垂直轴一个面的运动,两髋在后摆阶段向下扭转不够到位,协调配合也不够,导致髋的摆动也就不稳定,髋就步灵活协调。5)云南省青少年男子竞走运动员的腾空时间都在判罚的模糊时限内。在竞走技术过程中没有撩小腿的错误动作存在,但是在头顶起伏距离相对过大。在屈腿判罚方面,我省青少年男子竞走运动员也很少有屈腿显现。
[Abstract]:Race walking is an advantage item in track and field events in our country, and it is also an advantage item in Yunnan Province. In recent years, the performance of race walkers in domestic and international competitions is quite different in our province, and there are many fouls and penalties in foreign competitions. Our province race walker has the unique plateau training condition, if can improve and raise in the race walking technique, then will show the more obvious superiority in the race walk competition. By using the methods of literature, mathematical statistics, sports biomechanics, image analysis and so on, this paper studies and analyzes the adolescent male walkers in Yunnan province. This paper finds out the kinematic factors that influence the walking technique of the adolescent male walkers in Yunnan Province, and then puts forward the countermeasures to improve the consultation for the development of the young people's walking in Yunnan Province. The following conclusions are drawn through the research: 1) the absolute step amplitude of adolescent walkers in Yunnan Province is small, but the relative step size (displacement ratio of step size to hip) is not inferior to that of excellent athletes in China; The gait frequency of adolescents in Yunnan Province was 3.254 卤0.099 steps / s and 3.268 卤0.009 steps / s in group B and 3.428 卤0.034 steps / s in elite male walkers in China. 2) there was no significant difference in male competition among adolescents in Yunnan Province between group A and group B (3.428 卤0.034 steps / s). The angle of the walker's ankle joint is obviously too large at the moment of landing. The technique of landing moment is not reasonable, and the technical movement of walker in vertical moment is reasonable and stable. The technical movement of the backpedal stage in the moment of leaving the ground is reasonable, the angle of swinging leg and the angle between the two legs are reasonable. 3) the swinging technique of upper limbs of young male walkers in Yunnan Province is reasonable. In terms of the swing speed of the lower limbs, the swing speed of the hip joint of the teenage male walkers in our province is very reasonable, but the knee joint, There are still obvious deficiencies in ankle joints and feet. (4) the motion form of the hip joint of Yunnan adolescent walkers is not around three sides, but around one side of vertical axis, and the two hips are not enough to twist downward in the stage of backward pendulum, and the motion of hip joint in Yunnan Province is not based on the movement of three sides, but around one side of vertical axis. Coordination and coordination are not enough, which leads to instability of hip swing and flexible coordination of hip steps. 5) the vacating time of young male walkers in Yunnan Province is within the fuzzy time limit of penalty. There is no false movement of lifting the calf in the walking technique, but the undulating distance of the head is too large. In the aspect of leg bending and punishment, young male walkers in our province also rarely show leg flexion.
【学位授予单位】：云南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G821
本文编号：2433755
[Abstract]:Race walking is an advantage item in track and field events in our country, and it is also an advantage item in Yunnan Province. In recent years, the performance of race walkers in domestic and international competitions is quite different in our province, and there are many fouls and penalties in foreign competitions. Our province race walker has the unique plateau training condition, if can improve and raise in the race walking technique, then will show the more obvious superiority in the race walk competition. By using the methods of literature, mathematical statistics, sports biomechanics, image analysis and so on, this paper studies and analyzes the adolescent male walkers in Yunnan province. This paper finds out the kinematic factors that influence the walking technique of the adolescent male walkers in Yunnan Province, and then puts forward the countermeasures to improve the consultation for the development of the young people's walking in Yunnan Province. The following conclusions are drawn through the research: 1) the absolute step amplitude of adolescent walkers in Yunnan Province is small, but the relative step size (displacement ratio of step size to hip) is not inferior to that of excellent athletes in China; The gait frequency of adolescents in Yunnan Province was 3.254 卤0.099 steps / s and 3.268 卤0.009 steps / s in group B and 3.428 卤0.034 steps / s in elite male walkers in China. 2) there was no significant difference in male competition among adolescents in Yunnan Province between group A and group B (3.428 卤0.034 steps / s). The angle of the walker's ankle joint is obviously too large at the moment of landing. The technique of landing moment is not reasonable, and the technical movement of walker in vertical moment is reasonable and stable. The technical movement of the backpedal stage in the moment of leaving the ground is reasonable, the angle of swinging leg and the angle between the two legs are reasonable. 3) the swinging technique of upper limbs of young male walkers in Yunnan Province is reasonable. In terms of the swing speed of the lower limbs, the swing speed of the hip joint of the teenage male walkers in our province is very reasonable, but the knee joint, There are still obvious deficiencies in ankle joints and feet. (4) the motion form of the hip joint of Yunnan adolescent walkers is not around three sides, but around one side of vertical axis, and the two hips are not enough to twist downward in the stage of backward pendulum, and the motion of hip joint in Yunnan Province is not based on the movement of three sides, but around one side of vertical axis. Coordination and coordination are not enough, which leads to instability of hip swing and flexible coordination of hip steps. 5) the vacating time of young male walkers in Yunnan Province is within the fuzzy time limit of penalty. There is no false movement of lifting the calf in the walking technique, but the undulating distance of the head is too large. In the aspect of leg bending and punishment, young male walkers in our province also rarely show leg flexion.
【学位授予单位】：云南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G821
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