2016年奥运会男篮四强队伍进攻战术特征的研究

发布时间：2019-03-05 17:51

【摘要】：2016年里约奥运会男篮比赛,各支队伍在赛场上都打出了自己的水平和特点,同时为观众带来视觉上的盛宴。本文通过观看里约奥运会四强队伍在此次比赛当中参加所有比赛的录像,采用文献资料法,录像观察法,专家访谈法,数理统计法,逻辑分析法等方法对四强球队的进攻战术方面的相关数据进行统计分析,旨在找出各支球队的战术特点,得出以下结论:1.在快攻的进攻路线方面特征明显,四强队伍的推进路线均以中路推进为主。更倾向于以更短路径、更快速度、更多接应人员为特征完成进攻。其中美国队快攻成功率最高,主要以个人能力和3分球结束进攻。塞尔维亚队和西班牙队在快攻方面接应人数较多,队员守转攻快下速度较快。澳大利亚队快攻的主要得分手段是突破上篮或配合后的上篮。2.衔接段进攻战术上四强队伍均战术体现出了不同的特征。各队均根据当时场上情况随机选择适合自身的局部配合。其中,四强球队在得分选择上主要通过三分球和突破上篮进行得分,其中美国队的三分选择比例高于突破上篮比例。依靠配合进行攻击方面,美国队主要依靠突破分球来进行,塞尔维亚队更多依靠两三人之间的配合找到机会,以掩护为主,传切和突分为辅的进攻配合。西班牙队的特点主要依靠切入,其中锋能够积极跟进并参与其中。澳大利亚队以掩护和突分为主。3.在整体进攻战术特征方面,美国队采用1—2—1的进攻阵型,塞尔维亚队多采用1—4落位,西班牙和澳大利亚队更多采用1—3—1的进攻阵型。美国队更多地利用队员出色的投射能力制定三分球战术,战术简单高效。塞尔维亚队小范围细腻的进攻配合是其特点,西班牙队在进攻中主要围绕中锋加索尔进行,利用中锋的策应和掩护以及队员的跑动来寻求得分机会。澳大利亚队无球跑动较多,通过高质量掩护形成错位防守进行大打小。阵地进攻中的基础进攻配合方面,应用次数最多的是塞尔维亚队,场均运用106.8次,其次为西班牙队、澳大利亚队,运用次数最少的是美国队,场均为45.4次4.世界高水平男篮的阵地进攻中,球员的身体素质、个人能力以及教练的风格决定了各自球队的打法和变化,进攻特征总体表现为利用局部配合完成攻击,注重简单、高效。在快攻方面,得分方式越来越丰富,以三分球和配合上篮为主。衔阶段进攻在比赛中的得分和运用相对较少,各支球队还需对其进攻战术进行研究以更好地在比赛中运用,从而增强自己的进攻能力。
[Abstract]:Rio 2016 men's basketball competition, each team in the field played their own level and characteristics, while at the same time to bring visual feast for the audience. This paper, by watching the video of the Rio Olympic team participating in all the competitions, adopts the methods of documentary material, video observation, expert interview, mathematical statistics, and so on. By means of logic analysis and other methods, the statistical analysis of the offensive tactics of the top four teams is carried out in order to find out the tactical characteristics of each team and draw the following conclusions: 1. In the fast attack the offensive route is obvious, the top four teams advance routes are mainly in the middle. More prone to shorter paths, faster speed, more responders for the characteristics of the completion of the attack. Among them, the United States team has the highest success rate, mainly with personal ability and 3 points to end the attack. Serbia team and Spain team in fast break in the number of people, the team to turn fast down faster. The main means of scoring in Australia's fast break is to break through or coordinate with the basket. 2. On the offensive tactics of the cohesive section, the tactics of the top four teams show different characteristics. According to the situation at that time, each team randomly selected their own local cooperation. Among them, the top four teams scored mainly through three-point goal and breakthrough shot-up, in which the three-point selection ratio of the United States team was higher than that of the breakthrough shot-up ratio. On the side of relying on cooperation to attack, the United States mainly rely on breakthrough scoring, Serbia more rely on the cooperation between two or three to find opportunities, mainly to cover, cross-cutting and sudden division of the offensive co-operation. Spain's characteristics mainly rely on cut-in, its center can actively follow up and participate in it. Australia is dominated by cover and break points. 3. In terms of the characteristics of the overall offensive tactics, the United States adopts 1-2-1 attack formation, Serbia takes 1-4 position, and Spain and Australia adopt 1-3-1 attack formation. The United States made more use of the team's excellent projection ability to develop three-point tactics, which are simple and efficient. Serbia's small-scale and delicate offensive coordination is its characteristics, Spain in the attack mainly around center Gasol, using the center's response and cover, as well as the movement of the players to find the opportunity to score. Australia has no ball to run more, through high-quality cover to form misplaced defense for a large number of small. Base attack coordination in the position attack, the most frequently used is the Serbian team, 106.8 times per game, followed by Spain, Australia team, the United States team is the least number of use, the game is 45.4 times 4. In the position attack of the world's high level men's basketball team, the player's physical quality, personal ability and coach's style decide their team's playing style and change, the attack characteristic generally manifests as using the local cooperation to complete the attack, paying attention to the simplicity and high efficiency. In the fast break aspect, the scoring way is more and more abundant, to the 3-point goal and the cooperation baskets primarily. The score and use of the stage attack in the game are relatively few, and each team also needs to study its offensive tactics in order to better use it in the game, so as to enhance their offensive ability.
【学位授予单位】：北京体育大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G841

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