妊娠期女性步态生物力学特征的追踪研究
发布时间：2019-04-02 05:01
【摘要】：研究目的:妊娠期间女性的身体结构发生一系列变化,本研究纵向追踪测试第二妊娠期、第三妊娠期和产后三个时期女性自然行走时的步态,从运动生物力学的视角探究妊娠期女性步态的变化。研究方法:选择12名身体健康的女性分别在第二妊娠期、第三妊娠期、产后进行测试。运动学数据运用Vicon三维运动捕捉系统捕捉,动力学数据使用Kistler测力台和Novel Emed测力板采集,所有受试者均采集右侧下肢和足部(优势侧)的数据。实验结果使用SPSS19.0进行统计分析。研究结果:(1)运动学:时空参数方面,第三妊娠期,女性步长缩短(P=0.043vs产后),步速减慢(P=0.039 vs产后),支撑期和双支撑期所占的步态百分比增加,步宽变化不明显;关节角度方面,随着妊娠期的发展,骨盆前倾明显,第三妊娠期时,髋关节在步态支撑期的屈曲角度增加,伸展角度减小,内收角度增加,踝关节在支撑初期内翻角度减小。(2)动力学:妊娠期的垂直方向的地面反作用力(GRF),第二个峰值明显增加;妊娠期的前后方向的地面反作用力(GRF)明显增加;足底压力方面,随着妊娠期的增加,第二第三跖骨区域压强逐渐增加,足弓触地面积增加;妊娠期的足底压力中心线(COP)前足部分向外偏移;在足跟触地和全足落地时段,妊娠期女性身体的稳定性较差。结论与建议:这些结果显示妊娠期女性的步态模式发生了变化,身体稳定性有所下降,因此,妊娠期女性行走过程中,尽量缩短步长,降低步速;妊娠期骨盆和髋关节的关节角度变化较大,建议女性在备孕期间注意加强下背部、骨盆肌肉的锻炼;妊娠期女性足弓的触地面积较大,因此要选择足弓支撑功能较好的鞋子。
[Abstract]:Objective: a series of changes occurred in the body structure of women during pregnancy. This study followed up the gait of women walking naturally during the second pregnancy, third pregnancy and postpartum period. To explore the changes of gait in pregnant women from the angle of exercise biomechanics. Methods: 12 healthy women were tested during second pregnancy, third gestation and postpartum. The kinematic data were captured by Vicon three-dimensional motion capture system, and the dynamic data were collected by Kistler dynamometer and Novel Emed dynamometer. All the subjects collected the data of the right lower limbs and feet (dominant side). The experimental results were analyzed by SPSS19.0. Results: (1) Kinematics: in terms of space-time parameters, in the third gestation period, the female step length was shortened (after P=0.043vs), the gait speed was slowed (P < 0.039 vs postpartum), and the percentage of gait in the supporting period and the double support period was increased. There was no obvious change in step width; At the third pregnancy stage, the flexion angle of hip joint in gait support phase increased, the extension angle decreased, and the adduction angle increased, with the development of pregnancy, the pelvic anteversion was obvious, and at the third pregnancy stage, the flexion angle of hip joint increased. The angle of varus of ankle joint decreased at the initial stage of support. (2) Dynamics: the second peak value of ground reaction force (GRF),) increased significantly in the vertical direction during pregnancy; In terms of plantar pressure, the pressure of the second third metatarsal bone increased gradually and the area of foot arch touched the ground increased with the increase of the plantar pressure and the (GRF) of the anterior and posterior directions of pregnancy. The (COP) center line of plantar pressure shifted outward during pregnancy, and the body stability of pregnant women was poor during the period of heel touching and full foot landing. Conclusion & suggestion: these results indicate that gait pattern changes and body stability decreases in pregnant women. Therefore, the step length and gait speed of pregnant women should be shortened as much as possible during pregnancy. The joint angle of pelvis and hip joint changes greatly during pregnancy, it is suggested that women should pay attention to strengthening the lower back and pelvic muscle during pregnancy preparation, and the area of foot arch contact is larger during pregnancy, so it is necessary to choose shoes with better supporting function of foot arch.
【学位授予单位】：宁波大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G804.6
本文编号：2452269
[Abstract]:Objective: a series of changes occurred in the body structure of women during pregnancy. This study followed up the gait of women walking naturally during the second pregnancy, third pregnancy and postpartum period. To explore the changes of gait in pregnant women from the angle of exercise biomechanics. Methods: 12 healthy women were tested during second pregnancy, third gestation and postpartum. The kinematic data were captured by Vicon three-dimensional motion capture system, and the dynamic data were collected by Kistler dynamometer and Novel Emed dynamometer. All the subjects collected the data of the right lower limbs and feet (dominant side). The experimental results were analyzed by SPSS19.0. Results: (1) Kinematics: in terms of space-time parameters, in the third gestation period, the female step length was shortened (after P=0.043vs), the gait speed was slowed (P < 0.039 vs postpartum), and the percentage of gait in the supporting period and the double support period was increased. There was no obvious change in step width; At the third pregnancy stage, the flexion angle of hip joint in gait support phase increased, the extension angle decreased, and the adduction angle increased, with the development of pregnancy, the pelvic anteversion was obvious, and at the third pregnancy stage, the flexion angle of hip joint increased. The angle of varus of ankle joint decreased at the initial stage of support. (2) Dynamics: the second peak value of ground reaction force (GRF),) increased significantly in the vertical direction during pregnancy; In terms of plantar pressure, the pressure of the second third metatarsal bone increased gradually and the area of foot arch touched the ground increased with the increase of the plantar pressure and the (GRF) of the anterior and posterior directions of pregnancy. The (COP) center line of plantar pressure shifted outward during pregnancy, and the body stability of pregnant women was poor during the period of heel touching and full foot landing. Conclusion & suggestion: these results indicate that gait pattern changes and body stability decreases in pregnant women. Therefore, the step length and gait speed of pregnant women should be shortened as much as possible during pregnancy. The joint angle of pelvis and hip joint changes greatly during pregnancy, it is suggested that women should pay attention to strengthening the lower back and pelvic muscle during pregnancy preparation, and the area of foot arch contact is larger during pregnancy, so it is necessary to choose shoes with better supporting function of foot arch.
【学位授予单位】：宁波大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G804.6
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1 李昌凤;妊娠期女性步态生物力学特征的追踪研究[D];宁波大学;2017年
，本文编号：2452269
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