长春市60～69岁老年人体质状况的调查研究

发布时间：2019-04-16 16:17

【摘要】：本文采用文献资料法、问卷调查法、测量法和数理统计等研究方法,对2015年~2016年参加吉林省体科所与长春市体科所体质检测活动的60~69岁长春市老年人的体质状况进行深入研究,全面了解此类人群整体的体质状况及性别与城乡间的差异性,帮助老年人对自身的体质健康状况有个个体化、科学化的直观认识,为制定相关的健康促进方案提供科学的参考依据,对于全面提升我省老年人群整体的健康水平及提高其生活质量具有积极的推动意义。通过研究得出结论如下:1、长春市老年人的体质健康状况处在中等偏上的水平,女性优于男性,城镇优于乡村;与吉林省第四次国民体质监测的老年人相比,长春市老年人的整体体质健康状况优于全省老年人的水平。2、长春市老年人的受教育程度普遍偏低,目前仅有少部分人继续工作,日常出行主要是步行和乘车,闲暇时选择看电视、散步及轻家务劳动者居多,患有骨关节病、心脏病及高血压病的相对较多,并且大部分老年人缺乏体育健身场地及器材;虽然经常参加体育锻炼的人数不足总体的一半,但参加体育运动者的运动频率、强度及持续时间比较理想,运动项目主要以走、舞蹈及太极拳为主;老年人参加体育运动主要是为了防病治病、增强体力活动及娱乐消遣;影响老年人参加体育运动的主要原因是没兴趣、惰性及没时间。根据研究结果提出相应建议:1、政府相关部门应不断扩大体质监测资金的投入,建立针对老年人的体质健康测评及跟踪服务机构,制定个性化的运动处方,控制体重,改善身体形态指标;2、老年人要学会自我放松与调节,改善不良生活方式,积极参与体育锻炼,不断提高身体机能指标;3、应逐步加大对农村健身器材及相关设施的资金投入,逐步提升农民体质,不断缩小城乡间的体质差异;4、应继续加强场地与设施建设,大力倡导老年人参加体育健身活动,逐步消除影响老年人参与体育运动的障碍,不断提升老年人的科学健身意识和体质健康水平。
[Abstract]:By using the methods of literature, questionnaire, measurement and mathematical statistics, this paper makes an in-depth study on the physical fitness of the 60-year-old aged people who participated in the physical fitness testing activities of Jilin Institute of physical Education and Changchun Institute of physical Education from 2015 to 2016, and made a deep study on the physical fitness of the 60-year-old people in Changchun City. To fully understand the overall physical condition of such people and the differences between gender and urban and rural areas, to help the elderly to have a personalized, scientific and intuitive understanding of their own physical health status, It provides a scientific reference for the formulation of relevant health promotion schemes, and has positive promoting significance for improving the overall health level and the quality of life of the elderly people in our province in an all-round way. The conclusions are as follows: (1) the physical and health status of the elderly in Changchun is on the middle level, the female is superior to the male, and the town is superior to the rural; Compared with the old people who monitored the fourth national physique in Jilin Province, the overall physical health status of the elderly in Changchun was better than that of the elderly in the whole province. 2. The education level of the elderly in Changchun was generally lower than that of the old people in Changchun. At present, only a small number of people continue to work, the main daily travel is walking and taking a car, in their spare time they choose to watch TV, walk and light housework, and relatively many people suffer from osteoarthrosis, heart disease and high blood pressure. And most of the elderly lack physical fitness venues and equipment; Although the number of people who often take part in physical exercise is less than half of the total, but the frequency, intensity and duration of sports are ideal, the main sports events are walking, dancing and Taijiquan. The main reasons for the elderly to take part in sports are lack of interest, inertia and lack of time. According to the results of the study, the corresponding suggestions are put forward: 1. The relevant government departments should continue to expand the input of funds for physical fitness monitoring, establish health assessment and follow-up service institutions for the elderly, formulate personalized exercise prescriptions, and control the weight. Improving the index of body shape; 2. The elderly should learn to relax and adjust themselves, improve the bad life style, actively participate in physical exercise, and constantly improve the index of physical function; Third, we should gradually increase the investment in rural fitness equipment and related facilities, gradually improve the physique of farmers, and constantly reduce the differences in physique between urban and rural areas; 4. We should continue to strengthen the construction of venues and facilities, vigorously advocate the elderly to participate in physical fitness activities, gradually remove the obstacles that affect the elderly to participate in sports, and constantly improve the scientific fitness consciousness and physical health level of the elderly.
【学位授予单位】：吉林体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G804.49

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