男子网球运动员接发球预判的研究

发布时间：2019-06-10 06:53

【摘要】：预测就是人们对事物的发展趋势、未来状况及发展后果和影响所进行的分析、推测和判断,以求得对事物未来发展趋势的了解,减少不确定因素对自己的影响。在网球接发球中加强预判,不仅可以适当缓解对手势大力沉的发球给接发球方造成的被动的影响,甚至可以化被动为主动,将压力反转,直接得分。目的:为了提高网球运动员在比赛中接发球的成功率,减少发球方发球直接得分的次数,探索在接发球时最应该关注发球运动员的哪些部位。方法:将北京体育大学22名不同水平的网球运动员分为3组:高等水平组(国家健将和一级运动员),中等水平组(国家二级运动员)和初级水平组(2015级网球专项班);分为进行有干预和无干预的黑暗环境下的接发球预判的研究。实验结果表明,不论干预前还是干预后,高等水平组网球运动员接发球的准确率明显高于中等水平组和初级水平组;高等水平组运动员对接发球时应该注意的位置,有明确而趋于一致的认识;通过实验的干预,三组不同水平运动员的接发球准确率都有一定程度上的提升,而且无交互作用,说明干预前和干预后的接发球准确率的差异有统计学意义。由实验结果证明了实验假设,得出如下结论:1、高等水平运动员在接发球预判能力具有显著优势,在球未脱离球拍时就开始体现。2、网球的接发球预判是可以通过将更多的注意力集中在发球运动员的击球手臂上,从而在一定程度上提高接发球的准确率。
[Abstract]:Prediction is the analysis, conjecture and judgment of the development trend, future situation, development consequences and influence of things, in order to obtain the understanding of the future development trend of things and reduce the influence of uncertain factors on themselves. Strengthening the prediction in tennis receiving and serving can not only properly alleviate the passive influence of the powerful serve of the opponent on the receiver, but also turn the passivity into active, reverse the pressure and score directly. Objective: in order to improve the success rate of tennis players receiving and serving in the competition, reduce the number of direct points of serve, and explore which parts of serve players should pay most attention to when receiving and serving. Methods: 22 tennis players of different levels in Beijing University of physical Education were divided into three groups: higher level group (national athletes and first class athletes), medium level group (national second class athletes) and primary level group (2015 tennis special class). Divided into intervention and no intervention in the dark environment of receiving and serving prediction research. The experimental results show that the accuracy of receiving and serving of tennis players in the high level group is significantly higher than that in the middle level group and the primary level group, both before and after intervention. There is a clear and consistent understanding of the position that should be paid attention to when the athletes in the higher level group should pay attention to the serve. Through the intervention of the experiment, the accuracy of receiving and serving of the three groups of athletes was improved to a certain extent, and there was no interaction, which indicated that the difference of the accuracy of receiving and serving before and after intervention was statistically significant. The experimental results prove the experimental hypothesis, and draw the following conclusions: 1, the advanced level athletes have significant advantages in receiving and serving prediction ability, and begin to reflect when the ball is not separated from the racket. 2, The prediction of receiving and serving in tennis can improve the accuracy of receiving and serving to a certain extent by focusing more attention on the batting arm of the serve player.
【学位授予单位】：北京体育大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G845

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