优秀游泳运动员肺功能损伤敏感指标及其影响因素

发布时间：2019-06-28 14:37

【摘要】：目的:探讨优秀游泳运动员肺功能损伤的敏感指标及其影响因素,为有效监测并改善游泳运动员肺功能损伤提供依据。方法:选取优秀游泳运动员117名(男56人,女61人)进行肺通气功能检测。检测地点为国家体育总局游泳馆(86人)和国家体育总局运动医学研究所体育医院实验室(31人),测试指标包括用力肺活量(FVC)、第一秒用力呼气标准容积(FEV1)、1秒率(FEV1/FVC)、用力呼气流量50%(FEF50)、用力呼气流量75%(FEF75)。根据中华医学会标准对上述运动员的肺功能情况作出诊断,分析与游泳运动员肺损伤密切相关的敏感指标;分析比较不同场所测得肺通气功能障碍发生率的差异,并对不同场所测得FVC、FEV1/FVC进行对比分析;将FEV1、FEV1/FVC与运动员训练年限进行相关性分析。结果:(1)FEV1/FVC与优秀游泳运动员肺通气功能障碍的发生密切相关;(2)游泳运动员在游泳馆所测肺通气功能障碍的发生率显著低于实验室;游泳馆和实验室所测FVC无显著性差异(P0.05),游泳馆FEV1/FVC则极显著大于实验室(P0.01);(3)FEV1%(FEV1实测/预计值%)、FEV1/FVC均与训练年限呈显著负相关(r1=-0.247,P=0.025;r2=-0.224,P=0.043)。结论:FEV1/FVC可作为优秀游泳运动员肺功能损伤评估的敏感指标,该指标受测试环境和训练年限的影响,训练年限越长的游泳运动员越易导致肺功能受损。
[Abstract]:Objective: to explore the sensitive indexes and influencing factors of lung function injury of elite swimmers, and to provide evidence for effective monitoring and improvement of lung function injury of swimmers. Methods: 117 excellent swimmers (56 males and 61 females) were selected for pulmonary ventilation. The test sites were swimming pool of the State General Administration of Sports (86 people) and Sports Hospital Laboratory of the Institute of Sports Medicine of the State Administration of Sports Medicine (31 people). The test indexes included forced vital capacity (FVC),) forced exhalation standard volume (FEV1) in the first second, 1 second rate (FEV1/FVC), forced exhalation flow 50% (FEF50) and forced exhalation flow 75% (FEF75). According to the standard of Chinese Medical Association, the pulmonary function of the above athletes was diagnosed, the sensitive indexes closely related to the lung injury of swimmers were analyzed, the differences of the incidence of pulmonary ventilation dysfunction measured in different places were analyzed and compared, and the FVC,FEV1/FVC measured in different places was compared and analyzed, and the correlation between FEV1,FEV1/FVC and athletes' training years was analyzed. Results: (1) FEV1/FVC was closely related to the occurrence of pulmonary ventilation dysfunction in elite swimmers, (2) the incidence of pulmonary ventilation dysfunction measured by swimmers in swimming pool was significantly lower than that in laboratory, there was no significant difference in FVC between swimming pool and laboratory (P 0.05), but FEV1/FVC in swimming pool was significantly higher than that in laboratory (P 0.01). (3) FEV1% (FEV1 measured / predicted value%), FEV1/FVC were negatively correlated with training years (R1 0.247, P 0.025 R2 0.224, P 0.043). Conclusion: FEV1/FVC can be used as a sensitive index to evaluate lung function injury of elite swimmers, which is affected by the test environment and training years. The longer the training years, the more likely the swimmers will cause lung function damage.
【作者单位】：国家体育总局运动医学研究所;
【分类号】：G861.1

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