体育观众观赏运动竞赛动机研究

发布时间：2019-08-01 12:22

【摘要】：运动竞赛在当今社会已成为一项影响巨大的社会文化活动,精彩的体育赛事往往能使亿万人如痴如醉,人们为什么热衷于观看运动竞赛?基于需要和动机理论,以观众的"观赏动机"为主要研究对象,通过文献资料法、问卷调查法、访谈法等研究方法,对观众的观赏动机进行调查与分析,并以动机导源到需要,阐释观众具体的观赏需要及"为何观赛"的原因,以期为竞赛表演市场和体育产业的发展提供理论和现实依据。研究结果表明:观众的动机维度分别为审美追求、归属认同、明星崇拜、宣泄娱乐、胜负刺激和求知激励;不同人口学特征观众在观赏动机各维度上存在差异;运动竞赛具有独特的吸引力和感染力,满足着人们众多的心理、情感、精神和文化等方面的需要;竞赛表演市场必须了解当下观众的现实动机与需要,整体考虑多种因素的交互影响来发展体育赛事和推展观赏活动。
[Abstract]:Sports competition in today's society has become a great impact of social and cultural activities, wonderful sports events can often make hundreds of millions of people infatuated, why are people keen to watch sports competitions? Based on the theory of need and motivation, taking the audience's "ornamental motivation" as the main research object, through the methods of literature, questionnaire and interview, this paper investigates and analyzes the audience's ornamental motivation, and explains the specific ornamental needs of the audience and the reasons of "why to watch the competition", in order to provide theoretical and practical basis for the development of the competition performance market and the sports industry. The results show that the motivation dimensions of the audience are aesthetic pursuit, belonging identity, star worship, catharsis and entertainment, victory or defeat stimulation and seeking knowledge incentive; the audience with different demographic characteristics have differences in each dimension of viewing motivation; sports competition has unique attraction and appeal, which meets the needs of many people in psychological, emotional, spiritual and cultural aspects. The competition performance market must understand the realistic motivation and needs of the audience at present, and consider the interaction of many factors as a whole to develop sports events and promote viewing activities.
【作者单位】：台州学院体育科学学院;北京体育大学竞技体育学院;
【分类号】：G804.87

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