有氧运动对高脂饮食大鼠窦房结神经及心功能的影响

发布时间：2019-08-13 07:44

【摘要】：高脂膳食可导致心脏传导系统发生脂肪浸润和纤维化,进而引发心律异常和心血管意外,这些改变可能涉及内源性心脏神经的重塑。为探讨有氧运动对高脂饮食大鼠心功能及心内神经的保护作用,选取8周龄雄性SD大鼠24只,随机分为对照组(C)、高脂组(HF)、有氧运动结合高脂饮食组(FE),各组8只,运动组进行8周的无负重游泳训练,6次/周,1 h/次。多普勒超声测试大鼠心功能,取窦房结进行HE染色,免疫组化检测窦房结神经标志物PGP 9.5以及CGRP和NPY神经递质的表达。结果发现:1)与C组相比,HF组大鼠窦房结心肌纤维排列趋于混乱,神经团块部位存在空泡,窦房结神经纤维丛萎缩,神经元数量减少,有氧运动在一定程度上抑制了窦房结及其神经的结构改变;2)有氧运动改变了窦房结内神经递质分布,使CGRP含量升高,NPY含量降低;3)运动干预引起高脂饮食大鼠心脏射血分数、左心室缩短分数、左心室收缩内经和左心室收缩容积增加,心肌纤维增粗,心脏功能增强。结果说明,高脂饮食可导致大鼠窦房结神经萎缩,心功能下降,有氧运动可通过窦房结神经丛重塑和相关神经递质含量变化发挥对高脂饮食大鼠窦房结结构及心功能的保护作用。
[Abstract]:High-fat diet can lead to fat infiltration and fibrosis in the cardiac conduction system, which may lead to abnormal heart rhythm and cardiovascular accidents, which may involve the remodeling of intrinsic cardiac nerve. In order to investigate the protective effect of aerobic exercise on cardiac function and intracardiac nerve in rats with high fat diet, 24 8-week-old male SD rats were randomly divided into control group (C), high fat group (HF), aerobic exercise combined with high fat diet group) (FE), group (n = 8) and exercise group (6 times / week, 1 h / time). The cardiac function of rats was measured by Doppler ultrasound. The sinoatrial node was stained with HE, and the expression of PGP 9.5 and CGRP and NPY neurotransmitters in sinoatrial node were detected by immunohistochemistry. The results showed that: 1) compared with group C, the arrangement of myocardial fibers in sinoatrial node of HF group tended to be chaotic, there were vacuoles in the nerve mass, the number of neurons decreased, aerobic exercise inhibited the structural changes of sinoatrial node and its nerve to a certain extent, 2) aerobic exercise changed the distribution of neurotransmitters in sinoatrial node, increased the content of CGRP and decreased the content of NPY. 3) exercise intervention resulted in cardiac ejection fraction, shortening fraction of left ventricle, increase of left ventricular systolic meridians and left ventricular systolic volume, thickening of myocardial fibers and enhancement of cardiac function in rats with high fat diet. The results showed that high fat diet could lead to sinoatrial node nerve atrophy and decrease of cardiac function in rats. Aerobic exercise could protect the structure and cardiac function of sinoatrial node through the remodeling of sinoatrial node nerves and the changes of related neurotransmitters content in rats with high fat diet.
【作者单位】：沧州医学高等专科学校;华南师范大学;
【基金】：广东省社会发展领域科技计划项目(2013B031600003;2017A020220001) 贵州省科学技术基金项目(黔科合LH字[2014]7455号)
【分类号】：G804.2

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