母婴依恋的代际传递性和跨时间的稳定性

发布时间：2019-05-05 15:51

【摘要】：【目的】探讨母婴依恋的代际传递性和从婴儿期到幼儿期跨时间的一致性和稳定性。【方法】对160对已经采用"陌生情境法"进行了母-婴依恋类型测评的健康母婴对,在儿童的幼儿期:1)采用成人依恋访谈问卷(Adult At-tachment Interview Questionnaire,AAIQ)测查母亲自身幼年时期的依恋模式;2)采用儿童行为Q分类法(WatersDeane's Attachment Q-set,AQS)测评幼儿与其母亲之间的依恋关系。【结果】最终完成随访的母婴对有118对,随访率为73.8%。母亲与婴儿两者依恋类型之间一一对应的总对应率为:63.6%,其中安全型母亲与其婴儿的安全性之间的对应性最高,为86.2%;幼儿期安全型依恋占64.4%,不安全型依恋占35.6%,与婴儿期依恋安全性的分布基本一致。其中,安全型的婴儿中有89.7%在幼儿期仍为安全型;而不安全型的婴儿中有85.0%在幼儿期仍为不安全型,差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.569,P0.05)。【结论】母婴依恋存在代际传递性,母亲自身的依恋模式是影响母婴依恋关系的重要因素之一。儿童依恋存在跨时间跨情境的一致性和稳定性,婴儿依恋类型对幼儿期的依恋安全性有较高的预测效度。
[Abstract]:[objective] to investigate the intergenerational transmission of mother-to-child attachment and the consistency and stability of intergenerational transmission from infancy to early childhood. [methods] 160 pairs of healthy mother-infant pairs who had been tested for mother-infant attachment type by unfamiliar situation method were investigated. In children's early childhood: 1) Adults attachment interview questionnaire (Adult At-tachment Interview Questionnaire,AAIQ) was used to measure the attachment pattern of mothers in their infancy; 2) the attachment relationship between children and their mothers was evaluated by (WatersDeane's Attachment Q classification. [results] 118 pairs of infants and their mothers were followed up, with a follow-up rate of 73.8%. The total correspondence rate between the attachment types of mother and infant was 63.6%, and that between safe mothers and their infants was the highest (86.2%), and that between safe mothers and their infants was 86.2%, and that of safe mothers and infants was 86.2% and 86.2%, respectively. Safe attachment in early childhood accounted for 64.4%, unsafe attachment accounted for 35.6%, which was basically consistent with the distribution of attachment safety in infancy. Among them, 89.7% of the safe infants were still safe in early childhood. 85.0% of the unsafe infants were still unsafe in early childhood, and there was no significant difference (蠂 2 = 0.569, P0.05). [conclusion] there is intergenerational transmission of maternal and infant attachment, and there is no significant difference between the two groups (蠂 2 = 0.569, P0.05). Mother's own attachment pattern is one of the important factors that affect mother-to-child attachment relationship. There is consistency and stability in children's attachment between time and situation, and the type of infant attachment has a high predictive validity for the safety of attachment in early childhood.
【作者单位】：复旦大学附属儿科医院儿童保健科;首都师范大学教科院心理学系;
【基金】：国家自然科学青年基金项目(81102137)
【分类号】：B844.1

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