独生与非独生子女初中生的心理特征及家庭精神环境比较

发布时间：2018-11-23 16:02

【摘要】：目的探讨独生子女与非独生子女初中生的个性、心理健康状况及家庭精神环境特征。方法采用分层随机整群抽样法,应用儿童艾森克人格问卷和中学生心理健康检测量表家庭环境量表测查芜湖地区初中生1918人,其中独生子女1304例,非独生子女614例。结果独生子女内外向因子分高于非独生子女(t=4.998,P0.01);独生子女的强迫症状、偏执、人际关系紧张、抑郁、焦虑、适应不良、心理不平衡因子分均低于非独生子女(t=-4.073,-3.527,-3.841,-5.030,-2.089,-3.185,-2.024;P0.01或P0.05);独生子女家庭的亲密度、情感表达、独立性、成功性、知识性、娱乐性、组织性、控制性因子分均高于非独生子女家庭(t=3.839,7.137,4.714,5.384,4.225,4.311,4.226,2.667;P0.01),差异有显著性。结论独生子女初中生个性及心理健康状况优于非独生子女,其家庭精神环境优于非独生子女。
[Abstract]:Objective to explore the characteristics of personality, mental health and family mental environment of only child and non-only child junior high school students. Methods 1918 junior middle school students in Wuhu area were investigated by stratified random cluster sampling with Eysenck Personality questionnaire for Children and Family Environment scale for Middle School students, including 1304 only children and 614 non-only children. Results the extroversion factor score of the only child was higher than that of the non-only child (t = 4.998P 0.01). The scores of obsessive-compulsive symptoms, paranoid ideation, interpersonal tension, depression, anxiety, maladjustment and psychological imbalance of the only child were all lower than those of the non-only child (t _ (-4.073) -3.527 ~ (-3.841) ~ (-5.030) ~ (-2.089). -3.185-2.024; P0.01 or P0.05); The scores of closeness, emotional expression, independence, success, knowledge, entertainment, organization and control in one-child families were higher than those in non-one-child families (t = 3.839 / 7.137 / 4.714 / 5.384 / 4.225N / 4.3114.226N / 2.667). P 0.01), the difference was significant. Conclusion the personality and mental health of only child junior high school students are better than that of non-only children, and their family mental environment is superior to that of non-only children.
【作者单位】：安徽省芜湖市第二人民医院儿童保健科;
【基金】：安徽省芜湖市科研开发计划项目(2000169-79)
【分类号】：B844.2

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