广西学校食物中毒事件动态分析和防控策略

发布时间：2018-06-12 22:20

本文选题：食物中毒 + 综合预防　；参考：《中国学校卫生》2012年09期

【摘要】：目的分析广西学校集体性食物中毒的动态流行病学趋势和特征,探讨防控学校食物中毒的对策和措施。方法根据2000-2010年广西各级疾病预防控制机构通过网络直报系统上报资料,对10 a来学校食物中毒的发生数、中毒人数、死亡人数三间分布特点以及原因进行分析。结果 2000-2010年广西各类学校发生食物中毒160起,中毒人数5 198人,死亡5人,分别占全广西总起数、总中毒人数和总死亡人数的15.9%,26.7%和2.1%。10 a来中毒起数和发病人数报告总体呈下降趋势,2003年为中毒高峰。食物中毒在各学段均有发生,以中小学为主,分别占总中毒起数和发病人数的76.3%和77.2%。中毒高峰为每年的9月份。主要分布在县乡(镇)及农村的中小学校。中毒食品以不明食品、谷及谷制品、果蔬类为主;致病因素以微生物和不明原因为主;原料污染或变质、不明原因、加工不当是主要中毒原因。农药及化学物是致死的主要原因。结论中小学尤其是县乡(镇)、农村中小学校是食品安全监督管理的重点。各有关部门齐抓共管,根据学校食物中毒的特点对学校食品卫生开展经常性督导检查,开展学校师生的食品安全宣传教育,可有效减少学校食物中毒的发生。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the dynamic epidemiological trend and characteristics of collective food poisoning in schools in Guangxi, and to explore the countermeasures and measures for preventing and controlling food poisoning in schools. Methods according to the data reported by the disease prevention and control institutions at all levels in Guangxi from 2000 to 2010, the occurrence of food poisoning in schools, the number of poisoning, the death toll and the causes of food poisoning in the past 10 years were analyzed. Results from 2000 to 2010, 160 cases of food poisoning occurred in all kinds of schools in Guangxi, with 5 198 people poisoning and 5 deaths, respectively, which accounted for the total number of cases in Guangxi. In the past 10 years, the initial number of poisoning and the number of cases reported in the first 10 years of total poisoning and the total number of deaths showed a downward trend, and the peak of poisoning in 2003 was the highest. Food poisoning occurred mainly in primary and secondary schools, which accounted for 76.3% and 77.2% of the total number of poisoning and incidence respectively. The peak of poisoning is September every year. Mainly distributed in counties (towns) and rural primary and secondary schools. The main causes of poisoning were unknown food, grain and grain products, fruits and vegetables, microbes and unknown causes, contamination or deterioration of raw materials, unknown causes and improper processing. Pesticides and chemicals are the leading cause of death. Conclusion Primary and secondary schools, especially county and township schools, are the focus of food safety supervision and management. According to the characteristics of food poisoning in schools, the departments concerned should carry out regular supervision and inspection on school food hygiene and carry out propaganda and education on food safety among teachers and students, which can effectively reduce the occurrence of food poisoning in schools.
【作者单位】：广西壮族自治区疾病预防控制中心;
【分类号】：G478.5

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