4～6岁儿童自我概念与社会规则认知的发展及其关系

发布时间：2018-01-04 02:12

本文关键词：4～6岁儿童自我概念与社会规则认知的发展及其关系　出处：《学前教育研究》2017年09期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：为探讨4~6岁儿童自我概念与社会规则认知的发展状况及其二者之间的关系,本研究运用个别访谈法、口语报告法,并采用儿童自我概念量表与社会规则认知图画量表进行调查,结果发现4~6岁儿童的自我概念与社会规则认知均表现出年龄差异,随着年龄增长而不断上升;4~6岁儿童自我概念的发展表现出性别差异,社会规则认知的性别差异不显著;4岁儿童已经可以认知并区分道德规则与习俗规则;儿童的自我概念与社会规则认知呈现正相关,且前者能够正向预测后者。这表明4~6岁儿童自我概念发展具有年龄特征与性别差异,其发展的动力主要来自儿童心理与身体的发展以及母亲与同伴的影响;儿童社会规则认知发展与一般认知一样也具有年龄特征,并且后者为前者的发展奠定了基础;儿童自我概念对其社会规则认知具有显著影响,但这种影响可能需要借助人际交往、认知效能与环境适应等中介变量的作用,儿童对内的社会认知可以向对外的社会认知延伸。家长和教师应善于捕捉培养儿童积极自我概念的契机,促进其自我概念的良性发展,同时要从儿童的日常实际生活着手,关注儿童的交往情境、情感需求与精神世界,帮助儿童把社会规则内化于心,外化于行。
[Abstract]:The relationship between the development of self-concept of children aged 4~6 years with cognitive and social rules of the two, on the basis of individual interviews, verbal reports, and the use of children's self concept scale and the social rules of cognitive picture scale investigation, the self concept of children aged 4~6 years showed cognitive and social rules the age difference, with age increasing; the development of self concept of children aged 4~6 years showed gender differences, gender differences in social cognitive rules are not significant; 4 year old children can already distinguish cognitive and moral rules and customs rules; are positively related to children's self-concept and social cognitive rules, and the former can predict the latter. This shows that with age characteristics and gender differences of self-concept of children aged 4~6 years of development, its development power mainly comes from children's psychology and body and mother with the same With the influence of children's cognitive development; social rules and general cognition also has the character of age, and has laid the foundation for the development of the former; children's self-concept has significant impact on the social cognitive rules, but this effect may need the help of interpersonal communication, cognitive performance and environmental adaptation mediating role, children of the social cognition can be extended to foreign social cognition. Parents and teachers should be good at capturing the foster children's positive self concept of opportunity, to promote the healthy development of the self concept, at the same time to proceed from the actual daily life of children, pay attention to children's communication, emotional needs and spiritual world, help children to social rules internalized in the heart. Outside of the line.

【作者单位】：吉林师范大学教育科学学院;吉林师范大学心理研究所;
【基金】：教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目“认知负荷视阈下的学习负担研究”(编号:15YJA880056)
【分类号】：G610
【正文快照】： 一、问题提出自我概念是由美国心理学家詹姆斯(James)首次提出的,有广义与狭义之分,其中广义的自我概念指人们关于自己的外表、特长、能力和社会接受性等方面的态度、情感和知识的自我觉知;[1]狭义的自我概念内涵则较小,大致相当于广义自我概念中“知”的层面。本研究关注的是

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