幼儿园户外环境特征元素对儿童认知游戏行为的承载

发布时间：2018-01-06 17:19

本文关键词：幼儿园户外环境特征元素对儿童认知游戏行为的承载　出处：《学前教育研究》2017年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：随着当前城市环境中自然存在形式越来越局部化和隔离化,城市儿童正面临着环境代际失忆和自然缺失症的挑战。幼儿园作为幼儿除家之外最熟悉且长时间活动的场所,其户外环境是让幼儿能够接触到大自然的为数不多的地方之一,可为儿童提供珍贵的户外活动体验和休养生息之所。与此同时,户外环境空间中的设施物对儿童游戏行为的发生具有举足轻重的影响,并会制约儿童游戏的品质及类型。本研究基于环境功能承载论和游戏行为分类,以我国某大学附属幼儿园为个案,通过实地考察、观察记录和判读统计的研究过程,并与采取同样研究方法的美国北卡罗来纳州某幼儿园进行比较,从"人理""物理""事理"三个方面系统分析了中美两个幼儿园户外环境特征元素在承载幼儿认知游戏行为方面的异同,指出我国幼儿园还需要结合自然特征加强户外环境的规划设计,以为幼儿提供多样的户外活动机会,并发展他们在户外自然游戏与环境学习的能力。
[Abstract]:With more and more localized and isolated nature existing in the city environment, city children are faced with environmental intergenerational amnesia and nature deficit disorder challenges. As kindergarten children in addition to outside of the most familiar and long time activities, the outdoor environment is to let the children come into contact with nature is one of the few places. Can provide the precious experience of outdoor activities and rehabilitation for children. At the same time, which has a decisive influence occurrence of facilities space in the outdoor environment on children's game behavior, quality and type and will restrict children's games. This research is based on the environmental function classification theory and game bearing behavior, to China as a university affiliated kindergarten the case, through on-the-spot investigation, the research process of observation and interpretation of statistics, and take the same approach in North Carolina, a kindergarten. For comparison, from "human science" and "physical" and "reason" three aspects of system analysis of the Sino US two kindergarten outdoor environment characteristics of elements in the bearing of children's cognitive play behavior differences, pointed out that China's kindergarten also requires a combination of natural features to strengthen the planning and design of outdoor environment, that children provide a variety of outdoor activities and opportunities. The development of their ability in outdoor natural game and learning environment.

【作者单位】：西南交通大学建筑与设计学院;美国北卡罗莱纳大学彭布洛克分校;中国中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司交通与城市规划设计研究院;
【基金】：四川省教育厅人文社科重点研究基地“四川景观与游憩研究中心”项目(编号:JGYQ201437);四川省教育厅人文社科重点研究基地“四川应用心理学研究中心项目”(编号:CSXL-152219);四川省教育厅人文社科重点研究基地“四川学前教育发展研究中心项目”(编号:CECER-2015-B11)
【分类号】：G613.7
【正文快照】： 一、问题提出(一)自然环境与儿童发展自然与人类之间的关系紧密,且以不同的方式与人产生交互作用。乔金森(Jorgensen)、希契莫夫(Hitchmough)及卡尔弗特(Calvert)指出自然以各种不同的形式对人类产生有益的影响。许多研究皆证实自然环境具有帮助使用者产生各种正向效益的功能

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