美国蒙台梭利学校研究

发布时间：2018-02-21 17:27

本文关键词： 美国蒙台梭利学校　出处：《华东师范大学》2008年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 蒙台梭利是20世纪伟大的教育家之一,我们都熟知她是一种独特幼儿教育方法的建立者,是一种广受称誉的幼儿园形式的发明者。然而,这却并不是蒙台梭利方法的全部,甚至不能算是其中最重要的部分。事实上,蒙台梭利方法向后延伸至青少年,向前延伸到新生儿,是一个连续的统一整体。如今许多国家的教育者都已逐步认识到这一点并开始将对蒙台梭利方法的研究和实践扩展至更广泛的年龄阶段,尤以美国在此方面所取得成就最为突出。改革开放以来,随着教育多元化在我国的发展,蒙台梭利方法重新被引入了我国的幼儿教育领域,至今也已发展了二十多年,并对我国幼儿教育领域的改革起到了很大的推动作用。然而,对蒙台梭利方法在6岁以上儿童及青少年的教育的实施研究基本还处于空白状态。笔者在本论文中选取美国的蒙台梭利学校作为研究对象,因为美国是世界上蒙台梭利学校最多的国家,也是各个年龄层次的蒙台梭利学校发展得最完备的国家,不仅有使用蒙台梭利方法的学前教育,还有蒙台梭利中小学,甚至大学。尤其近几年来这种方法已越来越多的影响到美国现今的教育改革和教育实践,并受到前所未有的关注。蒙台梭利学校在美国的发展为美国公立学校改革提供了一个很好的可供借鉴的典范,对美国教育研究也产生了极大的影响,同时也促进了蒙台梭利思想在世界其他国家的实践与研究。另外,美国在发展蒙台梭利学校时所面对的问题和我国如今所面临的困境也有许多相似之处,因此美国蒙台梭利学校的发展及特征对我国来说特别具有借鉴意义。本文首先对蒙台梭利的生平进行了简要介绍,然后通过查阅大量文献对蒙台梭利0-18岁教育思想进行了梳理,并在此基础上研究了蒙台梭利的这些思想是如何在美国蒙台梭利学校中实践的,以及这些实践又如何影响了美国的教育研究发展和公立学校改革。最后,结合我国目前的国情和蒙台梭利方法在我国的发展情况,阐述了蒙台梭利学校在我国发展的意义、问题和前景,希望能为我国成功发展蒙台梭利学校、促进教育改革提供一些可借鉴的经验。
[Abstract]:Montessori was one of the great educators in 20th century, and we all know her as the founder of a unique method of early childhood education, the inventor of a widely acclaimed form of kindergarten. However, this is not the whole Montessori method. It's not even the most important part of it. In fact, the Montessori approach extends backwards to teenagers, to newborns. It is a continuum of unity. Today educators in many countries have come to realize this and have begun to extend the study and practice of the Montessori method to a wider age stage, In particular, the United States has achieved the most in this area. Since the reform and opening up, with the development of educational diversification in China, Montessori's method has been reintroduced into the field of early childhood education in China, and has been developed for more than 20 years. However, the study on the implementation of Montessori's method in the education of children and adolescents over 6 years old is still in a blank state. In this thesis, the author chooses the Montessori School in the United States as the research object, because the United States is the country with the most Montessori schools in the world, and the Montessori School of all ages has the most complete development. There is not only preschool education using the Montessori method, but also Montessori primary and secondary schools and even universities. Especially in recent years, this method has more and more affected the educational reform and practice in the United States today. The development of Montessori schools in the United States has provided a good model for public school reform in the United States, and has had a great impact on American educational research. It has also promoted the practice and research of Montessori's thought in other countries of the world. In addition, the problems faced by the United States in developing Montessori schools are similar to the difficulties faced by our country today. Therefore, the development and characteristics of Montessori School in America are of special significance to our country. This paper first briefly introduces Montessori's life, and then combs Montessori's educational thoughts of 0-18 years old by consulting a lot of literature. On the basis of this, this paper studies how Montessori's thoughts are put into practice in Montessori schools in the United States, and how these practices affect the development of educational research and the reform of public schools in the United States. According to the current situation of our country and the development of Montessori method in our country, this paper expounds the significance, problems and prospects of the development of Montessori school in our country, hoping to develop the Montessori school successfully in our country. The promotion of educational reform provides some lessons for reference.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：G610

【引证文献】