“幼儿弱势群体”的人际交往研究

发布时间：2018-02-22 05:22

本文关键词： 幼儿弱势群体被忽视幼儿被拒斥幼儿人际交往　出处：《西北师范大学》2006年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 人际交往是幼儿社会化的重要方面，是幼儿社会化发展的动因，是实现幼儿社会化不可缺少的途径。通过交往，可使幼儿了解人与人之间的正常关系，学习社会道德准则和处理人们之间的关系，帮助幼儿逐步形成适应社会要求的社会行为。不良的社会交往地位影响幼儿的社会化发展。因此，有必要及早关注“幼儿弱势群体”的人际交往问题。本研究将“幼儿弱势群体”定义为因社交不利而处于弱势地位的两类幼儿：(1)被忽视幼儿；(2)被拒斥幼儿。本研究主要采用同伴提名法和教师访谈法来选取研究对象，用自然观察法对研究对象的一日生活进行跟踪观察，并以事件取样法来记录幼儿交往行为的发生，从两类幼儿与教师和同伴的交往方式、交往内容、交往态度、交往情景四个方面来展示“幼儿弱势群体”的人际交往特征，试图找出“幼儿弱势群体”人际交往行为中存在的问题。研究表明，“幼儿弱势群体”虽然都处于社交不利地位，但两类幼儿的人际交往特点有很大的不同。被忽视幼儿的交往显得被动和服从，交往态度比较消极，始终处于等待发现的地位，交往仅为了满足最基本的生活需要。而被拒斥幼儿则为了引起教师和同伴的关注，交往行为极为主动，但终因基本交往技能的缺乏等原因，不能进行正常的人际交往。对“幼儿弱势群体”的人际交往问题进行原因分析，影响因素主要来自三个方面：教师、幼儿自身、家庭。在分析原因的基础上，本文有针对性地提出了改善“幼儿弱势群体”人际交往现状的教育对策：关注“幼儿弱势群体”，灵活耐心地运用鼓励表扬等教育方法；及时发现，及时干预，，给予幼儿人际交往技能方面的指导；创造具体情景游戏，为幼儿提供锻炼人际交往能力的平台；家庭与幼儿园积极配合，共同监督幼儿养成良好的交往习惯。
[Abstract]:Interpersonal communication is an important aspect of children's socialization, the motivation of children's socialization development, and an indispensable way to realize children's socialization. Through communication, children can understand the normal relationship between people. Learning social moral norms and dealing with relationships among people, helping young children to develop social behaviors adapted to the needs of society. Poor social status affects the socialization of young children. It is necessary to pay attention to the problem of interpersonal communication among the vulnerable groups of young children as soon as possible. This study defines "the disadvantaged group of young children" as two types of children who are socially disadvantaged and in a vulnerable position. (1) the neglected children are rejected. This study mainly adopts the method of peer nomination and teacher interview to select the subjects of the study. The life of the subjects in 1st was followed by natural observation, and the occurrence of children's communicative behavior was recorded by the method of event sampling, from the two kinds of children's communication ways, contents and attitudes of communication with teachers and peers. In this paper, the author tries to find out the problems existing in the interpersonal communication behavior of the "infant vulnerable group" from the four aspects of the communication situation to show the interpersonal communication characteristics of the "infant vulnerable group". The study shows that although "the disadvantaged group of young children" is in the social disadvantage position, the interpersonal communication characteristics of the two kinds of children are very different. The communication of neglected children appears to be passive and obedient, and the communication attitude is relatively negative. Always in the position of waiting for discovery, communication is only to meet the most basic needs of life, while rejected children are in order to arouse the attention of teachers and peers, the communication behavior is extremely active, but eventually due to the lack of basic communication skills and other reasons. Can't carry on the normal interpersonal communication. The cause analysis of the interpersonal communication problem of the "infant vulnerable group", the influence factor mainly comes from three aspects: the teacher, the child itself, the family. On the basis of the analysis of the reasons, This paper puts forward the educational countermeasures to improve the interpersonal communication status of the "infant vulnerable group": pay attention to the "infant vulnerable group", flexibly and patiently use the educational methods such as encouraging praise, timely find out, intervene in time, Give children interpersonal skills guidance; create specific scene games for children to provide a platform for training interpersonal skills; families and kindergartens actively cooperate to jointly monitor the children to develop good communication habits.
【学位授予单位】：西北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：G610

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