教育人类学视野下的彝族儿童民间游戏研究

发布时间：2018-03-19 08:21

本文选题：教育人类学　切入点：彝族　出处：《西南大学》2006年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：儿童游戏在儿童身心发展、文化形成和价值观定位等方面发挥着巨大作用。但是，随着我国工业化和城市化的进程愈演愈烈，儿童游戏的种类、场地和时间不断减少。更令人担忧的是，当代儿童尤其是城市儿童的游戏，在各种因素的影响下，出现了扭曲儿童纯真天性、背离儿童原本生活和疏远大自然的危险倾向。国内教育界对此有所警觉，但相关研究并不多见。国内儿童游戏研究主要由两个部分构成。一是幼儿教育界针对幼儿园内儿童游戏的研究，二是民俗学针对儿童民间游戏的研究。心理学界、教育学界、文化人类学界以及其他社会科学学科，也有对儿童游戏和儿童民间游戏的研究，但尚未形成自己的系统和规模。传统的儿童民间游戏大多符合儿童天性并贴近大自然，有益于儿童发展和教育。可是，我国目前的儿童游戏研究者，大多工作在教育机构和研究机构，受各种条件的限制，真正深入到农村、山区尤其是少数民族地区做案例调查和参与观察的并不多。实际上，儿童民间游戏研究特别需要从儿童真实的生活背景出发，把握儿童民间游戏的性质和现实，从而真正探讨出它们对儿童发展和教育的功能和价值。本研究从教育人类学的角度，，采用文献法、田野工作和访谈法、文化人类学的比较方法，对彝族儿童民间游戏进行了系统考察和探讨。田野工作和访谈的地点在贵州六盘水地区、云南石林彝族自治县、云南楚雄彝族自治州和四川凉山彝族自治州的民族研究机构、彝族聚居的乡寨和彝族儿童的学校。通过对游戏以及民间游戏概念的梳理，本文提出，彝族儿童民间游戏是流传和流行于彝族地区民间的，彝族儿童在日常生活中自愿和自由嬉戏、玩耍与娱乐的活动。它不需要专门的教学程序和指导。这些游戏既有世代相传的文化传统特色和民族特性，也有当代发展出来的时代特色和各民族共性；既有因儿童天性表现出的普世性，也有因人文地理因素而表现出的地方性。根据从文献上和田野工作中发现的彝族儿童民间游戏，结合游戏的外在表现特点与游戏的动机和功用，
[Abstract]:Children's play plays an important role in the development of children's body and mind, the formation of culture and the orientation of values. However, with the development of industrialization and urbanization in our country, the types of children's games are becoming more and more serious. Space and time are dwindling. What is more worrying is that the play of contemporary children, especially urban children, is distorted by a variety of factors. There is a dangerous tendency to deviate from children's original lives and alienate nature. The domestic education community is alert to this, but the relevant studies are rare. The research on children's play in China is mainly composed of two parts. One is the research on children's play in kindergarten in the field of early childhood education, the other is the study of folklore on children's folk games. In the field of cultural anthropology and other social sciences, there are also studies of children's play and children's folk play, but they have not yet formed their own system and scale. Most of the traditional children's folk games conform to the nature of children and are close to nature. It is beneficial to the development and education of children. However, at present, most of the researchers of children's play in our country work in educational institutions and research institutions, restricted by various conditions, and really go deep into rural areas. In fact, the study of children's folk play is especially necessary to grasp the nature and reality of children's folk play from the children's real life background. Thus, the function and value of them for children's development and education are discussed. From the point of view of educational anthropology, this study adopts the method of literature, field work and interview, and the comparative method of cultural anthropology. The field work and interviews were conducted in Liupanshui area, Yunnan Province, Shilin Yi Autonomous County, Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture and Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture of Sichuan Province. Villages inhabited by Yi people and schools for Yi children. By combing the concept of games and folk games, this paper points out that the folk games of Yi children are spread and popular in the areas of Yi nationality, and Yi children play voluntarily and freely in their daily lives. Play and entertainment activities. It does not need special teaching procedures and guidance. These games have not only the cultural traditional characteristics and national characteristics passed down from generation to generation, but also the contemporary development of the characteristics of the times and common features of different nationalities; It is not only because of the universal nature of children, but also because of the cultural geographical factors. According to the literature and field work found from the Yi children folk games, Combining the external characteristics of the game with the motivation and function of the game,
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：G613.7

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