两种英语教育模式下的幼儿英语pro-drop参数建立的比较研究

发布时间：2018-04-15 07:01

本文选题：习得 + 学习　；参考：《华东师范大学》2004年博士论文

【摘要】：幼儿英语教育目前已形成一种热潮，但对幼儿英语教育理论的研究滞后于实践，造成教育实践的“经验式”做法，导致幼儿英语教育“费时较多、收效较低”的普遍现象。因此，研究幼儿英语教育的科学性、有效性成为幼儿教育工作者面临的新课题。在幼儿英语教育中，教育模式是教育理论与实践相结合的重要中介，是教育的基本因素，是实现教育目标、提高教育效果的重要保证，幼儿英语教育模式直接决定幼儿英语学习的成效。近年来，国内外关于教育模式的研究成为热点，对教育模式的探讨在幼儿英语教育中占有举足轻重的地位。因此，英语教育模式成为幼儿英语教育研究的重要内容。就目前存在的幼儿英语教育模式而言，主要有两种。一种是把英语作为一门语言学科、一种外语课程来教授，即教师在规定的30分钟左右的时间内有目的、有计划地根据教学大纲、教材教授英语，让幼儿进行有意识的英语学习，我们把这种英语教育模式称之为教学式；另一种是把英语作为一种教育媒介、工具来组织幼儿的一日活动或半日活动，英语被适当地分配到幼儿的各种活动之中，幼儿在园的一天或半天时间被“浸泡”在英语环境中，这种以无意识学习为主的英语教育模式称之为“浸入式”。如何看待这两种幼儿英语教育模式?它们在幼儿英语学习中的有效性如何? 语言教育与语言学理论之间有着密切的关系，第二语言教育研究应从第二语言习得研究中的语言学角度出发，才能揭示语言习得的特殊前提和自身规律。因此，我们首先从众多的第二语言研究取向中确立了研究视角，即以语言学理论为基础，从乔姆斯基的普遍语法(UG)理论框架出发，对这两种幼儿英语教育模式进行了比较研究。从普遍语法的理论出发，儿童获得母语的过程就是在接触语言素材的情况下确定参数的过程，即为普遍语法的各个参数赋值的过程。第二语言的学习是在第二语言经验的作用下普遍语法参数重新确立的过程，即在己有的语言参数的基础上获得另外一种可能与现有参数不同或相同的语言，其中，pro一drop参数是普遍语法中的一项重要参数，是被讨论得最多的一种普遍语法参数，是第二语言习得研究中考察第二语言学习效果的重要参数，第二语言研究者进行了多方位的探讨。pro一drop参数又叫零主语参数、无主语参数，是普遍语法中一项有关陈述句中是否可省略主语的参数;pro一drop现象就是指在一个陈述句里，，主语可以删去。从这一定义出发，英语的pro一drop参数值为负值，汉语的pro一drop参数值为正值。幼儿的英语学习便涉及到在汉语pro一drop参数正值的基础上重新建立英语的pro一drop参数负值的过程。我们借用了普遍语法理论中被引用最多、最重要的参数一pro一drop参数，对以上两种英语教育模式进行了深入的比较研究。本论文主要采取实验的方法，即等组单因素的实验，进行自变量—幼儿英语教育模式的控制，实验组采用浸入式英语教育模式，对照组采用教学式英语教育模式，实验为期约一年零两个月。实验前后进行英语pro一drop参数建立的测验。一年多的实验结果发现，浸入式和教学式这两种英语教育模式对幼儿英语pro一drop参数的建立是有不同的分效应和整体效应。多因变量线性模型方差分析的结果显示，分别从pro一drop参数的四个项目来看，在人称代词未脱落的有主句、语助词未脱落的有主句、人称代词脱落的无主句这三个项目上，浸入式班级和教学式班级之间存在显著性差异，浸入式班级在前三个项目上的语法判断正确率高于教学式班级，在语助词脱落的无主句这一项目上，两个班之间没有显著性差异;但总体从pro一drop 参数的所有项目来看，浸入式班级和教学式班级存在显著性差异，浸入式英语教育模式对幼儿英语pro一dr。p参数的建立更有效。从普遍语法参数建立的理论角度解释，第二语言的学习，是在第二语言经验的作用下普遍语法参数重新确立的过程，也就是说，浸入式英语教育模式更有利于幼儿英语的学习。由此可见，习得不仅是幼儿获得母语的重要方式，也是幼儿学习第二语言的有效途径。另外，从比较研究中，我们也发现了幼儿英语学习的特点及影响因素。我们发现在幼儿英语学习中，幼儿充分显示出第二语言学习的潜在能力，并表现出学习的主动性。我们还发现，在幼儿第二语言学习中，母语的迁移是客观存在的，既包括正面迁移，也包括负面迁移，且集中表现在学习的初级阶段。本论文涉及到的主要是普遍语法框架下的参数值的迁移(汉语pro一drop参数正值的迁移)及个别语法范围内的句型结构的迁移(汉语中存在人称代词做主语的句型结构、不存在语助词做主语的句型结构)。另外，我们还发现在幼儿第二语言学习中，影响幼儿第二语言学习效果的重要因素，其中，语言输入是影响第二语言学习效果的重要外部环境因素，动机是影响第二语言学习效果的重要内在情感因素。面对研究结果，我们的本意并不在于评判浸入式、教学式这两种教育模式熟是熟非、熟优熟劣，我们的最终目的是探讨哪些因素对成功的第二语言学习是重要的。根据本论文的研究结果，借鉴浸入式教育模式的理论和实践，我们对现阶段普遍的幼儿英语教
[Abstract]:Children ' s English education has already formed a hot trend , but the research on children ' s English education lags behind practice , which leads to the universal phenomenon of children ' s English education .

There are two main types of English teaching model for young children . One is to teach English as a language subject , a foreign language course , that is , the teacher has a goal in the period of about 30 minutes .
Another is to use English as an educational medium and tool to organize a day or a half day activity of young children . English is properly allocated to various activities of young children . In English environment , children ' s English education model based on unconscious learning is referred to as " immersion " . How to look at these two children ' s English education mode ? How is their effectiveness in learning English learning ?

The second language education research should start from the linguistic perspective in the second language acquisition study to reveal the special premise and the law of the language acquisition . Therefore , we first set up the research perspective from the many second language research orientations , that is , based on the linguistic theory , from the universal grammar ( UG ) theory framework of Chomsky , and compared the two kinds of children ' s English education model .

From the theory of universal grammar , the process of getting the mother tongue of children is in the case of touching the language material .

The process of setting parameters , that is , the process of assigning values to individual parameters of the general syntax . The second language learning is in the second language

The process of re - establishment of universal grammar parameters under the influence of language experience , that is , on the basis of the language parameters already available

Another language that may be different or the same as an existing parameter , where pro - drop parameters are common syntax

An important parameter is the most common grammatical parameter discussed in the second language acquisition study .

The second language researchers have discussed the important parameters of the second language learning effect .

The number is also called the zero - subject parameter , and there is no main - language parameter , it is a general grammar whether the main language can be omitted from the declarative sentence

In a statement , the subject can be deleted . From this definition ,

The pro - drop parameter value of English is negative , the pro - drop parameter value of Chinese is positive .

In this paper , the pro - drop parameter of English is re - established on the basis of the Chinese pro - drop parameter value .

We borrow the most important and most important parameter - pro - drop parameter in the universal grammar theory ,

The above two modes of English education are compared in - depth .

This thesis mainly takes experimental methods , i . e . the experiment of single factor of group , carries on the independent variable - infant English teaching

In the control of fertility mode , the experimental group adopts the mode of immersion type English education , and the control group adopts the teaching mode of English education ,

The experiment lasted about one year and two months . The tests were conducted before and after the experiment .

The results of the experiment show that the two English teaching modes of immersion and teaching have a good effect on English pro - drop parameters in young children .

The results of variance analysis of multi - factor linear models show that the results show that :

Don ' t look at the four items of pro - drop parameters , in the case of a person saying that the word does not fall off , there is a main sentence , and the word aid does not fall off

There is a main sentence , saying that there are no subjective sentences that fall off the word , and the immersion class and the teaching class are stored .

In the difference of significance , the correct rate of the grammar of the immersed class on the first three items is higher than that of the teaching class .

There was no significant difference between the two classes in the absence of a subjective sentence for the drop - off of the words ; however , overall from pro - drop

In all the items of the parameters , there are significant differences in the immersion class and the teaching class , and the immersion type of English education

The model is more effective for the establishment of an infant English pro - dr . p parameter .

the learning of the second language is the process of re - establishing the universal grammar parameter under the action of the second language experience ,

In other words , the immersion - type English education model is more favorable for the learning of children ' s English . It can be seen that the acquisition is not only

It is an effective way for young children to learn the second language .

In addition , from the comparative study , we also found the characteristics and influencing factors of young children ' s English learning .

In children ' s English study , young children show the potential ability of second language learning and show the main learning ability

We also found that in children ' s second language study , native language migration is objective , both positive and positive

Face migration , also includes negative migration , and focus on the primary stage of learning . The main purpose of this paper is to

The migration of parameter values under the generalized syntax framework ( the migration of the Chinese pro - drop parameter value ) and the individual grammatical model

The Transfer of Sentence Patterns in the Surrounding Areas ( The Existence of Personal Pronoun in Chinese ) as the Sentence Structure of the Subject

the sentence structure of the subject ) . In addition , we have found that in children ' s second language study , children ' s second language is affected

Language input is an important external factor affecting the second language learning effect ,

Motivation is an important intrinsic emotional factor that affects the second language learning effect .

In the face of the results of the study , our intention is not to judge the immersion type , the teaching mode is familiar with the two educational modes

The final aim of our study is to explore which factors are important to successful second language learning .

According to the research results of this paper , we learn from the theory and practice of immersion education model , and we are universal in the present stage

children ' s English teaching

【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2004
【分类号】：G613

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