中国儿童对C原则的习得

发布时间：2018-05-25 05:10

本文选题：约束理论 + 一语习得　；参考：《郑州大学》2004年硕士论文

【摘要】：约束理论研究在语言学理论中位置独特而重要。但是，约束C原则的性质，以及该原则是否实际存在，不少理论专著依然争论不休。此外，第一语言习得中C原则的有关研究，大多都是以母语为英语的儿童为试验对象的；而倘若约束C原则具有普遍性，就应该作用于英语之外的其它语言，譬如汉语。该研究从心理语言学的角度，考察了约束C原则这种语言现象，并以生成语法的管辖约束理论为理论框架，讨论了考察结果；目的是探讨约束C原则是否适用于中国儿童的一语习得。本论文的主要研究问题有三：一、中国儿童的C原则知识是否不受方向性支配? 二、中国儿童的C原则知识是否不受测试句子的语用或者语义因素影响? 三、中国儿童是否同等对待特定结构里的显性代词与空照应语? 试验中的儿童年龄最小为4岁，最大为6岁；试验采用问答的形式；采用三角对证的方法以核实问卷的内容效度；实施先导测验以确定问卷的信度；试验中由两人分别记录试验结果，，以确保试验结果的可靠；试验结果采用统计软件SPSS 11.0分析。第一项试验探讨的问题是：中国儿童是否受方向性的影响，以及中国儿童的C原则知识是否受测试句子的语用或者语义因素影响?试验结果基本上肯定了母语为汉语的儿童受C原则的制约。具体而苦，试验有下列五点发现：一、试验对象所做的共指判断率很高，这是由问答形式造成的；二、试验对象受测试句子构型结构的影响；三、中国儿童受方向性影响不明显，汉语也有后指现象；四、语义、语用因素影响测试对象的判断，但其影响并不能推翻C原则；五、试验结果证明:方向性是由语一言的分义参数所决定。第二项试验旨在回答这样一个问题:试验对象是否同等对待特定结构爪的显性代词与空照应语。试验结果显示特定结构堆的显性代词和空照应语受到同样的对待。这项试验与前人所做的两项同类试验结果吻合，由此可以得出结论:儿童可能把所有的空语类理解为代词。要测试4岁以下儿童的约束C原则知识，还需要进一步的研究;同样，要采用不同的试验形式来考察试验对象心理的异同，要考察含有受约束复指的句子，也要我们更多更进一步的研究。
[Abstract]:The study of constraint theory is unique and important in linguistic theory. However, many theoretical monographs still argue about the nature of constraint C principle and whether it actually exists. In addition, most of the researches on C principle in first language acquisition are aimed at children who are native speakers of English. If the constraint C principle is universal, it should be applied to other languages other than English, such as Chinese. From the perspective of psycholinguistics, this study examines the linguistic phenomenon of the principle of constraint C, and discusses the results of the study on the theoretical framework of the governing constraint theory of generative grammar. The purpose of this study is to explore the applicability of constraint C principle to Chinese children's acquisition of one language. There are three main problems in this thesis: First, is Chinese children's C-principle knowledge not subject to directionality? Second, are Chinese children's C-principle knowledge independent of the pragmatic or semantic factors of the test sentence? Third, do Chinese children treat explicit pronouns and empty anaphora in specific structures equally? The children in the experiment were the youngest 4 years old and the maximum 6 years old. The test was conducted in the form of question and answer, the method of triangulation was used to verify the validity of the questionnaire, the pilot test was carried out to determine the reliability of the questionnaire. In order to ensure the reliability of the test results, the test results are recorded by two people respectively, and the results are analyzed by the statistical software SPSS 11.0. The first question is whether Chinese children are influenced by directionality and whether the C principle knowledge of Chinese children is influenced by the pragmatic or semantic factors of test sentences. The results of the experiment confirmed that the children whose mother tongue is Chinese are restricted by the C principle. Specifically and bitterly, the following five points have been found in the experiment: First, the rate of coreference judgment made by the subjects is very high, which is caused by the form of question and answer; Second, the experimental object is affected by the structure of the test sentence; Third, Chinese children are not obviously influenced by directionality, and Chinese also has the phenomenon of posterior finger; Fourth, semantic and pragmatic factors affect the judgment of the subjects, but their influence cannot overturn the C principle; Fifth, the experimental results show that the directionality is determined by the semantic parameters of one word. The second test was designed to answer the question whether the subjects treated the specific structural claw equally Sexual pronouns and empty anaphora. The test results show that the explicit pronoun and the empty anaphora of a specific structure stack are subjected to the same Treat. This experiment coincides with the results of two similar trials carried out by our predecessors, and it can be concluded that: Children may interpret all empty language classes as pronouns. Further research is needed to test the knowledge of constraint C principles in children under 4 years of age; similarly, Using different experimental forms to investigate the psychological similarities and differences of the subjects, we should examine the sentence with restricted complex reference. Son, also wants us to study further.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2004
【分类号】：H0;G610

【参考文献】