同伴群体对儿童品德发展的影响研究
发布时间：2019-01-19 12:27
【摘要】： 影响儿童品德发展的因素很多。如果按照参与互动的人的年龄来划分，可分为成人的影响，同龄人的影响。可是由于种种原因，我们历来比较重视成人(主要是教育)对儿童品德发展的影响，而对同龄人之间的影响重视得不够。如果说有的话，也大部分集中在班集体对儿童品德发展的影响，而很少注意这种自发形成的同伴群体对他们的影响。其实，和前两者(成人的教育和班集体)相比，同伴群体对儿童品德发展的影响具有得天独厚的优势。特别是现在的儿童，，大部分是独生子女，在家中缺少与他们交流的兄弟姐妹，再加上单门独户的居住环境，使儿童游戏、交往的场所和机会都明显地减少了，这种情况竟影响到一些儿童的品德发展和心理健康。这一切使得同伴群体及其影响的研究显得更加迫切。 本论文主要采用了文献法、问卷法和访谈法。在前人研究的基础上对同伴群体对儿童品德发展的影响进行了分析、调查和探讨。 道德认知、道德情感和道德行为是人们普遍确认的组成品德的基本要素。本论文主要从这三个方面展开来研究同伴群体对儿童品德发展的积极影响。在道德认知方面，儿童与同伴群体的相互作用能促进其观点采择(角色承担)能力的发展，这为儿童道德认知的发展提供了直接的条件。在道德情感方面，由于同伴群体成员关系的亲密性，一些情境事件所引起的情绪反应容易被其同伴所知觉，并易产生相应的情感体验，这样就促进了移情体验的产生和发展；同时，同伴群体的反应会促进儿童某些道德情感的产生和发展。在道德行为方面，友谊和友好是同伴群体内行为的主要特征，同伴群 体为儿童将道德认知付诸实践和行动提供了理想的排练场;而且， 与同伴群体的相互作用是发展儿童自律道德的一条重要途径。另外， 同伴群体对儿童自我教育的发展方面也有不可替代的积极影响。当 然，同伴群体只是儿童品德发展的一个必要条件，它对儿童品德发 展的影响不是无所限制和无所不能的;而且，在一定条件下，还有 不容忽视的消极性。 本论文还分析了同伴群体影响儿童品德发展的心理机制，有强 化、模仿、和从众心理等。文章的最后，提出了发挥同伴群体对儿 童品德发展的积极影响和遏制其消极影响的教育对策，要求教育工 作者要转变观念，正确对待儿童的同伴交往和同伴群体;耐心了解 班级中同伴群体的脉络;将同伴群体中的道德情境引导到课堂上来; 开展内容丰富、形式多样、富有教育性的活动以及怎样防患于未然。
[Abstract]:There are many factors that influence the development of children's moral character. If divided according to the age of the person involved in the interaction, it can be divided into adult influence and peer influence. However, for various reasons, we have always paid more attention to the influence of adults (mainly education) on children's moral development, but not to their peers. If any, most of them focus on the influence of class group on children's moral development, and little attention is paid to the influence of this spontaneous group of peers on them. In fact, compared with the former two (adult education and class group), peer groups have unique advantages on children's moral development. In particular, today's children, most of whom are only children, lack brothers and sisters to communicate with them at home. In addition, the living environment of single-door households has significantly reduced the number of places and opportunities for children to play games, interact with each other. This situation has affected the moral development and mental health of some children. All this makes the study of peer group and its influence more urgent. This paper mainly adopts literature method, questionnaire method and interview method. On the basis of previous studies, the influence of peer groups on children's moral development is analyzed, investigated and discussed. Moral cognition, moral emotion and moral behavior are generally recognized as the basic elements of moral character. This paper mainly studies the positive influence of peer groups on children's moral development from these three aspects. In the aspect of moral cognition, the interaction between children and peer groups can promote the development of their ability to take alternative views (role-taking), which provides a direct condition for the development of children's moral cognition. In terms of moral emotion, due to the closeness of peer group members, the emotional responses caused by some situational events are easily perceived by their peers and easily produce corresponding emotional experiences, thus promoting the emergence and development of empathy experience. At the same time, the reaction of peer group will promote the generation and development of some moral emotions of children. In the aspect of moral behavior, friendship and friendliness are the main characteristics of behavior in peer group. Peer group provides ideal rehearsals for children to put moral cognition into practice and action. Moreover, the interaction with peer groups is an important way to develop children's self-discipline. In addition, peer groups have irreplaceable positive effects on the development of children's self-education. However, peer group is only a necessary condition for the development of children's moral character, and its influence on the development of children's moral character is not unlimited and omnipotent. Moreover, under certain conditions, there are negative polarity that can not be ignored. This paper also analyzes the psychological mechanism of peer groups influencing children's moral development, such as reinforcement, imitation, and conformity psychology. At the end of the paper, the author puts forward the educational countermeasures to exert the positive influence of peer group on the development of children's moral character and to contain the negative influence, which requires the educator to change his idea. Correct treatment of children's peer interaction and peer groups; Understanding the context of peer group in class patiently, guiding the moral situation of peer group into class; Develop rich, diverse, educational activities and how to prevent trouble.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2003
【分类号】：G611
本文编号：2411378
[Abstract]:There are many factors that influence the development of children's moral character. If divided according to the age of the person involved in the interaction, it can be divided into adult influence and peer influence. However, for various reasons, we have always paid more attention to the influence of adults (mainly education) on children's moral development, but not to their peers. If any, most of them focus on the influence of class group on children's moral development, and little attention is paid to the influence of this spontaneous group of peers on them. In fact, compared with the former two (adult education and class group), peer groups have unique advantages on children's moral development. In particular, today's children, most of whom are only children, lack brothers and sisters to communicate with them at home. In addition, the living environment of single-door households has significantly reduced the number of places and opportunities for children to play games, interact with each other. This situation has affected the moral development and mental health of some children. All this makes the study of peer group and its influence more urgent. This paper mainly adopts literature method, questionnaire method and interview method. On the basis of previous studies, the influence of peer groups on children's moral development is analyzed, investigated and discussed. Moral cognition, moral emotion and moral behavior are generally recognized as the basic elements of moral character. This paper mainly studies the positive influence of peer groups on children's moral development from these three aspects. In the aspect of moral cognition, the interaction between children and peer groups can promote the development of their ability to take alternative views (role-taking), which provides a direct condition for the development of children's moral cognition. In terms of moral emotion, due to the closeness of peer group members, the emotional responses caused by some situational events are easily perceived by their peers and easily produce corresponding emotional experiences, thus promoting the emergence and development of empathy experience. At the same time, the reaction of peer group will promote the generation and development of some moral emotions of children. In the aspect of moral behavior, friendship and friendliness are the main characteristics of behavior in peer group. Peer group provides ideal rehearsals for children to put moral cognition into practice and action. Moreover, the interaction with peer groups is an important way to develop children's self-discipline. In addition, peer groups have irreplaceable positive effects on the development of children's self-education. However, peer group is only a necessary condition for the development of children's moral character, and its influence on the development of children's moral character is not unlimited and omnipotent. Moreover, under certain conditions, there are negative polarity that can not be ignored. This paper also analyzes the psychological mechanism of peer groups influencing children's moral development, such as reinforcement, imitation, and conformity psychology. At the end of the paper, the author puts forward the educational countermeasures to exert the positive influence of peer group on the development of children's moral character and to contain the negative influence, which requires the educator to change his idea. Correct treatment of children's peer interaction and peer groups; Understanding the context of peer group in class patiently, guiding the moral situation of peer group into class; Develop rich, diverse, educational activities and how to prevent trouble.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2003
【分类号】：G611
【引证文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 高中建;孙嵩;;青少年同辈群体道德养成分析[J];教育探索;2009年02期
相关硕士学位论文 前6条
1 刘慧娟;社区环境对未成年人违法犯罪的影响研究[D];武汉大学;2005年
2 梁焱;初级体校学生的道德教育研究[D];广西师范大学;2007年
3 梁丽;高中学业不良学生转化过程中同辈群体的消极影响及对策研究[D];西南大学;2009年
4 张宝方;论同辈群体影响下的青少年价值观教育[D];河南大学;2010年
5 王娇艳;弱势关怀对3-6岁儿童同情行为的影响研究[D];陕西师范大学;2012年
6 王倩;中学生生命价值观与朋辈影响的关系研究[D];云南师范大学;2011年
本文编号：2411378
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