民国时期私立职业学校发展研究

发布时间：2018-04-09 10:04

本文选题：民国时期　切入点：私立　出处：《华东师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：职业学校是教育体系中的重要组成部分。早在清朝末年,政府便颁布学制,发布法规,鼓励发展实业学堂。民国时期除了公立职业学校,也涌现出许多由私人或团体组织办学的私立职业学校,为民国时期职业教育的发展做出了贡献。然而,目前已有研究民国职业教育的著作中,聚焦于民国私立职业学校的系统研究还比较少。在政府的鼓励和职业教育思潮的影响下,民国时期职业教育有很大的发展。公立职业学校虽为民国时期职业教育的主流,但其存在课程设置冗杂、专业设置不能及时反映社会需求等方面的弊病。在这样的情况下,私立职业学校兴起,在一定程度上弥补了公立职业学校的不足,体现了社会产业发展对教育的要求。私立职业学校办学主体既有致力兴学的知识分子、工商业人士及其他社会人士,也包括合作力行的社会团体等。学校办学经费来源多样化,包括社会捐资、基金息金、学田收入、校董筹资等多方面途径。私立职业学校课程由普通课程与职业课程组成,其中职业课程也可称为专业课程,与学校自身所开设的专业直接相关。私立职业学校专业设置明晰且灵活,使其与社会经济发展良好契合,受到学生与家长的欢迎。除学习学校课程外,私立职业学校学生还会进行较为充分的实习训练,为学生习得扎实的专业技能奠定基础。大部分学生在毕业之后都能够谋得一份专业对口的工作。为了更清晰的了解民国时期私立职业学校发展情况,本文选取中华职业学校和私立镇江初级女子职业学校作为个案,根据《教育与职业》杂志、民国期刊数据库、《中华民国教育年鉴》、《民国时期职业教育文献辑刊资料》等呈现的史料,对这两所学校的行政设置、经费来源、学生出路、师资力量等几个方面进行分析探讨。私立职业学校是民国时期职业教育的重要组成部分,其宝贵的办学经验和教学特色对今日职业教育办学有启发意义,可供当前职业教育改革借鉴。民国时期私立职业学校也存在不能忽略的局限性,如学校管理中存在的问题、实习不够完备等。
[Abstract]:Vocational schools are an important part of the educational system.As early as the late Qing Dynasty, the government promulgated the school system, issued laws and regulations to encourage the development of industrial schools.During the period of the Republic of China, besides public vocational schools, there emerged many private vocational schools organized by private individuals or groups, which contributed to the development of vocational education in the Republic of China.However, there are few systematic studies focusing on the private vocational schools in the Republic of China.With the encouragement of the government and the influence of the trend of vocational education, vocational education developed greatly in the period of the Republic of China.Although public vocational schools were the mainstream of vocational education in the period of the Republic of China, the curriculum was jumbled, and the professional setting could not reflect the needs of the society in time.In this case, the rise of private vocational schools, to a certain extent, to make up for the deficiencies of public vocational schools, reflecting the development of social industry to the requirements of education.The main body of private vocational schools include intellectuals, industrialists and other members of the community, as well as cooperative social organizations.The source of school funds is diversified, including social donation, fund interest, school field income, school manager financing and so on.The private vocational school curriculum consists of general curriculum and vocational curriculum, among which vocational curriculum is also called professional curriculum, which is directly related to the specialty offered by the school itself.Private vocational schools have clear and flexible specialties, which make them fit well with the development of society and economy, and are welcomed by students and parents.In addition to learning school curriculum, private vocational school students will also carry out more adequate practical training, for students to acquire solid professional skills lay the foundation.Most students are able to get a professional job after graduation.In order to better understand the development of private vocational schools in the Republic of China, this paper selects Chinese vocational schools and private Zhenjiang junior girls' vocational schools as cases, according to the Journal of Education and occupation.This paper analyzes and discusses the historical materials presented in the journal database of the Republic of China, the Yearbook of Education of the Republic of China, the literature series of vocational education during the Republic of China, and so on. The administrative setup, the source of funds, the way out of students and the strength of teachers of these two schools are analyzed and discussed.Private vocational schools are an important part of vocational education in the Republic of China. Their valuable experience and teaching characteristics have enlightening significance for today's vocational education, which can be used for reference in the current vocational education reform.During the period of the Republic of China, the private vocational schools also have some limitations, such as the problems in school management, the imperfection of practice and so on.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G719.29

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