高职招生制度研究

发布时间：2018-04-17 12:33

本文选题：高等职业院校 + 招生　；参考：《南昌大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：进入大众化阶段,我国高等教育领域出现了高等职业教育与普通高等教育“两分天下”的局面。与普通高校一样,作为实施高等职业教育的机构,高职院校也需要有科学的考试招生制度。本文的出发点即是为我国的高职院校构建出科学的考试招生制度。目前我国的高职院校招生制度存在诸多问题,不能满足高职招生对制度的需求,需要设计出更加科学的招生制度。招生标准体现了高职院校对生源的要求,是制定考试招生制度的起点。经过梳理发现,历史上我国高职招生制度中的招生标准经历了颇具等级色彩、标准灵活多样和统考成绩为主三个阶段。依据高等职业教育的发展规律并借鉴历史经验,高职院校招生标准的制定应遵循兼顾高等性与职业性、统一性基础上的多样性、竞争性与适应性相统一三个原则。在此原则统摄下,高中学业水平考试制度定位于对考生的文化素质学习情况进行检测;职业技能测试制度定位于对考生的职业技能学习情况或者职业性向进行检测,帮助高职预测考生成功完成学业的概率;综合素质评价制度则是对考生的各方面素质进行全面考查,以便高职院校对考生作出更加科学的评价。在招生考试的具体设计方面,高中学业水平考试制度应按照高中课程标准全科设考,高职院校和考生则围绕科目组合进行双向选择。中职生参加全省统一组织的职业技能测试;普高生则参加职业性向测试,以检验考生在职业技能方面的潜力。综合素质评价制度则需要按照“基础性”和“差异性”的思路、遵循客观化、特色化和公平性的原则对最能体现考生优势素质的表现进行记录整理供高职使用。在招生录取中,考试成绩应以原始分数、等级分和标准分三种形式呈现。这既可以弥补彼此的缺陷,又可以满足主体的不同需要。采用综合评价制度,录取规则可使用“条件式”或“权重式”。除了考试招生制度外,招生目标的实现还需要高职院校、高中学校、政府或社会等提供相应的配套措施。
[Abstract]:At the stage of popularization, higher vocational education and higher education in our country have been divided into two parts: higher vocational education and general higher education.As an institution of higher vocational education, higher vocational colleges also need a scientific examination system.The starting point of this paper is to construct a scientific examination enrollment system for higher vocational colleges in our country.At present, there are many problems in the enrollment system of higher vocational colleges in our country, which can not meet the needs of the enrollment system in higher vocational colleges, so it is necessary to design a more scientific enrollment system.The enrollment standard reflects the requirements of higher vocational colleges for students, and is the starting point of making the examination enrollment system.After combing, it is found that in the history of China's higher vocational enrollment system, the enrollment standard has experienced three stages: grade color, flexibility and diversity of the standard, and the results of the general examination.According to the law of the development of higher vocational education and the historical experience, the establishment of the enrollment standard of higher vocational colleges should follow the three principles of taking into account the characteristics of higher education and occupation, diversity on the basis of unity, unity of competition and adaptability.Under the guidance of this principle, the high school academic level examination system is oriented to examine the cultural quality of the examinee, and the vocational skill test system is aimed at the examination of the vocational skill learning situation or the professional orientation of the examinee.The comprehensive quality evaluation system is to conduct a comprehensive examination of all aspects of the quality of candidates, so as to make a more scientific evaluation of the candidates in higher vocational colleges.In the aspect of the specific design of the entrance examination, the system of the high school academic level examination should be set up according to the high school curriculum standard, and the higher vocational colleges and the examinees should choose the combination of subjects in both directions.The secondary vocational students take part in the vocational skills test organized by the whole province, and the Pu Gao students take the vocational orientation test to test the potential of the candidates in the vocational skills.The comprehensive quality evaluation system should follow the idea of "foundation" and "difference" and follow the principles of objectivity, characteristic and fairness to record and arrange the performance of examinee's superior quality for use in higher vocational education.In enrollment, examination scores should be presented in three forms: original score, grade score and standard.This can not only make up for each other's defects, but also meet the different needs of the main body.Using comprehensive evaluation system, admission rules can use "conditional" or "weight".In addition to the examination enrollment system, the realization of enrollment goal also needs the corresponding measures from higher vocational colleges, senior high schools, government or society.
【学位授予单位】：南昌大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G717.32

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