创客教育辅助高职高专《基础护理学》实践教学模式构建与评价

发布时间：2018-07-03 04:43

本文选题：创客教育 + 护理实践教学　；参考：《郑州大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的本研究尝试引入创客教育理念构建高职高专《基础护理学》辅助实践教学模式并在实际教学中实施;通过比较分析实施前后学生各方面能力的测量数据变化,以及搜集归纳参与本研究师生看法和意见,对其实际教学效果进行评价。以期为改变高职高专《基础护理学》实践教学单一技能操作培训模式,增强护生创新能力、临床应变能力、合作能力等综合素质,提供实证依据,也为后续研究奠定基础。方法本研究是一个教学模式改革的实证性研究,采用问卷调查法、专家咨询法、半结构式访谈法等量性和质性相结合的研究方法。本研究分为三个阶段:准备阶段:经文献研究、专家咨询和小组讨论形成教学方案。实施阶段:选取河南某高职高专2015级护理专业两个自然班学生共91名作为研究对象,整群随机分为试验组(45人)和对照组(46人),两组护生基线调查在年龄、入学成绩、创新能力评分及前学期专业课平均成绩方面比较,均无统计学差异(P0.05),具有可比性。选取二年级第一学期《基础护理学》课程,对两组护生理论课采用相同的教学方法,在实践教学中,除正常实验课以外,实施不同的辅助教学方案,试验组采用创客教育辅助教学模式,对照组采用常规教育辅助教学模式,共计14周,每周一次,每次2个学时授课。评价阶段:课程结束后对两组学生统一进行综合实践能力考核,再次对创新能力进行问卷调查,采用SPSS17.0软件进行统计学分析,试验后两班综合实践操作成绩以及试验前后两班护生创新能力变化、创客教学效果评价分析采用χ2检验、t检验;为更全面评价创客教育辅助教学方法在基护实践教学的效果,对试验组护生和教师进行深入访谈,进一步探讨创客教育辅助护理实践教学的优势和不足,访谈资料采用Claizzi的关于现象学资料的7步分析法进行归纳分析。结果试验后形成基于高职高专《基础护理学》实践教学方案下的护理创客教学模式,构建与护理学科相结合的创客空间,采用基于项目的SCS创客教学法,包括6个创客实践教学项目和最后的总结分享教学过程,总计14周,28个学时的创客辅助教学模式。试验前后试验组和对照组比较发现,综合实践测试成绩均值分别为84.511和77.891,团队协作能力均值分别为7.089和5.891,临床应变能力均值分别为27.089和23.630,比较三组数据显示均存在统计学差异(P0.001)。在创新能力方面,试验前后比较了威廉斯创造力评分差值,试验组和对照组分别为6.000和0.065;还比较了TCI-C创造性思维测试差值,试验组和对照组分别为2.738和0.046,显示试验组在试验后创造力和创造性思维能力提升均好于对照组,有统计学差异(P0.001)。在创客教育效果评价上,发现除了人文护理方面,试验组护生对创客教育的教学效果综合认可度在88%以上,李克特得分均大于4分。对试验组护生和教师进行深度访谈,以信息饱和为标准,共访谈试验组学生16名,全部参与研究的教师共5名。护生们认为创客教育为创新提供平台,诱导思维发散,在快乐中学会知识,尤其是在横向思考、发散思维、逆向思维方面大大提升,同时对于自身学习兴趣、沟通能力的提升也很明显。教师们认为创客教育使培养护生的创新能力、临床应变能力、合作意识落到实处,增加了很多让护生思考、探索、交流、分享的环节,授课的目标是使护生理解掌握知识的基础上进行思考和创新。结论(1)创客教育辅助高职高专《基础护理学》实践教学效果良好,提高了护生创新能力,促进了护生临床应变能力、沟通协作能力、学习兴趣的综合提升,促进了教学相长。(2)创客教育融入护理实践教学是一种新的教育理念和教学方法,形成了一种护理创客教育模式,丰富了高职高专《基础护理学》实践技能教学方法,为护理实践教学改革提供客观实证依据,具有实践意义。
[Abstract]:Objective the purpose of this study is to introduce the concept of creative education to construct the teaching model of basic nursing science and practice teaching in Higher Vocational College and implement it in practical teaching. By comparing and analyzing the changes in the measurement data of all aspects of the students' abilities before and after the implementation, and collecting and summarizing the views and opinions of teachers and students in this study, the actual teaching effect is evaluated. In order to change the single skill training mode of basic nursing and practice teaching in Higher Vocational College, strengthen the comprehensive quality of nursing students' innovation ability, clinical strain ability and cooperation ability, provide empirical evidence and lay the foundation for follow-up research. Method this study is an empirical study of the reform of teaching model, using questionnaire and experts. This study is divided into three stages: the preparatory stage: the literature study, the expert consultation and the group discussion to form the teaching plan. In the implementation stage, a total of 91 students from two professional classes in the 2015 level nursing specialty in Henan higher vocational college are selected as the research object, and the whole group is divided into random points. For the test group (45 people) and the control group (46 people), there were no statistical differences (P0.05) between the two groups of nursing students' baseline survey in age, school score, innovation ability score and the average grade of the previous semester. The first semester of the grade two was selected as the course of basic nursing, and the same teaching method was adopted for the theory courses of the two groups of nursing students. In practice teaching, in addition to the normal experimental class, the implementation of the different auxiliary teaching programs, the experimental group adopted the auxiliary teaching mode of creative education, the control group adopted the conventional education auxiliary teaching mode, a total of 14 weeks, every week, each time 2 school hours. The evaluation stage: after the end of the course, the comprehensive practice ability assessment of two groups of students was unified. A questionnaire survey was carried out on the innovation ability, and SPSS17.0 software was used to carry out statistical analysis. The results of the two classes of comprehensive practice after the test and the changes in the innovation ability of the two classes of nursing students before and after the test were carried out. The evaluation and analysis of the teaching effect of creating guests were analyzed by the chi 2 test and t test. Through in-depth interviews with the nursing students and teachers in the experimental group, the advantages and disadvantages of the creative nursing practice teaching are further discussed. The interview materials are summarized and analyzed by the 7 step analysis of the phenomenological data of Claizzi. The result of the experiment is to form a nursing creation based on the practical teaching scheme of basic nursing in higher vocational colleges. Learning model, building a guest space combining with the nursing discipline, using a project based SCS teaching method, including 6 creative practice teaching projects and the final summary sharing teaching process, a total of 14 weeks and 28 school hours. The average value of team cooperation was 7.089 and 5.891 respectively, and the average value of clinical strain ability was 27.089 and 23.630 respectively. The difference between the three groups was statistically different (P0.001). In the innovation ability, the Williams creativity score difference was compared before and after the test, and the test group and the control group were 6 and 0.065, respectively. Compared with the TCI-C creative thinking test difference, the test group and the control group were 2.738 and 0.046 respectively. The results showed that the creativity and creative thinking ability of the experimental group were better than the control group after the experiment. There was a statistical difference (P0.001). In the evaluation of the effect of the creation of the creative people, it was found that in addition to the human nursing, the nursing students in the experimental group had a teaching effect on the creation of a guest. The overall recognition degree is above 88%, and the score of Li kte is more than 4. In depth interview to the students and teachers in the test group, the students and teachers are interviewed in depth, with the information saturation as the standard, the total of the 16 students in the interview test group and the total of the 5 teachers participating in the study. In the aspect of lateral thinking, divergent thinking and reverse thinking, it is obvious that the students' interest in learning and the ability to communicate are also obvious. The goal is to think and innovate on the basis of understanding and mastering the knowledge of the nursing students. Conclusion (1) the effect of creating guest education to assist the teaching of basic nursing in Higher Vocational College is good, improve the creative ability of the nursing students, promote the clinical strain ability of the nursing students, the ability of communication and cooperation, the comprehensive promotion of the interest of learning, and the promotion of the teaching and learning. (2) the creation of a guest education. The integration of nursing practice teaching is a new educational idea and teaching method, which has formed a mode of nursing creation, enriches the teaching methods of basic nursing science and practice skills in higher vocational colleges, and provides objective evidence for the reform of nursing practice teaching, which has practical significance.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G712.4;R47-4

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