大跃进时期福建省职业教育改革研究
发布时间：2018-08-29 11:03
【摘要】：建国初,职业教育没有得到中共中央的应有重视。在中等教育结构中,普通教育单条腿走路现象比较严重。随着各级各类学校的发展,大批小学毕业生,初中毕业生无法升学,回农村参加劳动生产又没有一技之长。这种局面暴露出建国初,因中等教育结构不合理带来的严重危机,为职业教育大发展提供了现实可能性。再加之“反右派”扩大化后,毛泽东想要培养大批属于无产阶级的技术人才建设社会主义的渴望,为职业教育大跃进提供了政治保障。在这两种因素推动下,大跃进时期职业教育改革得以如火如荼的开展。 大跃进时期福建省职业教育改革是全国职业教育改革的一个缩影。这一时期的职业教育属于中等职业教育。这场改革,在数量方面以职业学校,尤其是农业中学的迅猛增长为标志；在办学类型上,坚持全日制与半工半读学校并举为标志；在教育结构方面,以职业教育与普通教育两条腿走路为标志。这场改革是在政策的主导下,以群众运动、群众办学的形式发展起来的。强调职业教育为无产阶级政治服务,与生产劳动相结合。 大跃进时期福建省职业教育改革成果有：为福建省培养了大批技能人才,对福建省社会主义建设有帮助；优化了教育结构,职业教育与普通教育开始两条腿走路；坚持全日制学校与半工半读学校相结合,丰富了学校形式,有利于学生的学习。同时,这场改革弊端有：职业学校盲目发展,教学质量得不到保障,造成了教育浪费；生产劳动过多影响了正常的教学秩序,引起了思想上一定的混乱,对教育质量不利。 纵观大跃进时期福建省职业教育改革,结论是：社会存在制约着职业教育与普通教育的比例,仅靠主观意志办教育会造成盲目发展,对社会发展不利,职业教育发展要有计划性和前瞻性；职业学校发展只有在一定质量标准之下,普及才有意义。否则唯数量论,只会造成教育浪费,教育质量低劣,不足取。
[Abstract]:At the beginning of the founding of the people's Republic of China, vocational education did not receive due attention from the CPC Central Committee. In the structure of secondary education, the phenomenon of walking on one leg in general education is serious. With the development of all kinds of schools, a large number of primary school graduates, junior high school graduates can not go to school, return to the countryside to participate in labor production without a single skill. This situation exposed the serious crisis caused by the unreasonable structure of secondary education at the beginning of the founding of the people's Republic of China, which provided the realistic possibility for the great development of vocational education. In addition, after the expansion of "anti-rightist", Mao Zedong wanted to train a large number of proletarian technical talents to build socialism, which provided a political guarantee for the great leap forward of vocational education. Under the impetus of these two factors, the vocational education reform during the Great Leap forward period was carried out in full swing. The vocational education reform of Fujian Province during the Great Leap forward period is a microcosm of the national vocational education reform. Vocational education in this period belongs to secondary vocational education. This reform is marked by the rapid growth in the number of vocational schools, especially in agricultural secondary schools; in terms of the types of schools run, it is marked by the simultaneous development of full-time and part-time schools; and in terms of the educational structure, With vocational education and general education walking on two legs as a symbol. The reform was developed in the form of mass movement and mass school-running under the guidance of policy. It is emphasized that vocational education serves proletarian politics and combines with productive labor. During the Great Leap forward period, the achievements of vocational education reform in Fujian Province were as follows: cultivating a large number of skilled personnel for Fujian Province, helping the construction of socialism in Fujian Province, optimizing the educational structure, and starting to walk on two legs between vocational education and general education; Adhering to the combination of full-time school and half-work school enriches the form of school and is beneficial to students' study. At the same time, the drawbacks of this reform are: blind development of vocational schools, the lack of guarantee of teaching quality, and the waste of education; the excessive production of labor has affected the normal teaching order, caused a certain ideological confusion, and is unfavorable to the quality of education. Throughout the reform of vocational education in Fujian Province during the Great Leap forward period, the conclusion is that the social existence restricts the proportion of vocational education and general education, only relying on subjective will to run education will cause blind development, which is unfavorable to social development. The development of vocational education should be planned and prospective, and the development of vocational schools should be popularized under certain quality standards. Otherwise, the quantity theory will only cause the education waste, the education quality is inferior, unworthy.
【学位授予单位】：福建师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G719.2
本文编号：2211009
[Abstract]:At the beginning of the founding of the people's Republic of China, vocational education did not receive due attention from the CPC Central Committee. In the structure of secondary education, the phenomenon of walking on one leg in general education is serious. With the development of all kinds of schools, a large number of primary school graduates, junior high school graduates can not go to school, return to the countryside to participate in labor production without a single skill. This situation exposed the serious crisis caused by the unreasonable structure of secondary education at the beginning of the founding of the people's Republic of China, which provided the realistic possibility for the great development of vocational education. In addition, after the expansion of "anti-rightist", Mao Zedong wanted to train a large number of proletarian technical talents to build socialism, which provided a political guarantee for the great leap forward of vocational education. Under the impetus of these two factors, the vocational education reform during the Great Leap forward period was carried out in full swing. The vocational education reform of Fujian Province during the Great Leap forward period is a microcosm of the national vocational education reform. Vocational education in this period belongs to secondary vocational education. This reform is marked by the rapid growth in the number of vocational schools, especially in agricultural secondary schools; in terms of the types of schools run, it is marked by the simultaneous development of full-time and part-time schools; and in terms of the educational structure, With vocational education and general education walking on two legs as a symbol. The reform was developed in the form of mass movement and mass school-running under the guidance of policy. It is emphasized that vocational education serves proletarian politics and combines with productive labor. During the Great Leap forward period, the achievements of vocational education reform in Fujian Province were as follows: cultivating a large number of skilled personnel for Fujian Province, helping the construction of socialism in Fujian Province, optimizing the educational structure, and starting to walk on two legs between vocational education and general education; Adhering to the combination of full-time school and half-work school enriches the form of school and is beneficial to students' study. At the same time, the drawbacks of this reform are: blind development of vocational schools, the lack of guarantee of teaching quality, and the waste of education; the excessive production of labor has affected the normal teaching order, caused a certain ideological confusion, and is unfavorable to the quality of education. Throughout the reform of vocational education in Fujian Province during the Great Leap forward period, the conclusion is that the social existence restricts the proportion of vocational education and general education, only relying on subjective will to run education will cause blind development, which is unfavorable to social development. The development of vocational education should be planned and prospective, and the development of vocational schools should be popularized under certain quality standards. Otherwise, the quantity theory will only cause the education waste, the education quality is inferior, unworthy.
【学位授予单位】：福建师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G719.2
【引证文献】
相关博士学位论文 前1条
1 张志辉;“科学大跃进”初探（1958-1961）[D];中国科学技术大学;2007年
，本文编号：2211009
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