教师参与园本课程开发中存在的问题及对策研究

发布时间：2018-11-17 12:54

【摘要】：2001颁布的《幼儿园教育指导纲要(试行)》要求：“城乡各类幼儿园都应从实际出发，因地制宜地实施素质教育”，“教师要从本地、本园的条件出发，结合本班幼儿的实际，，制定切实可行的工作计划并灵活地执行”。此后，越来越多的幼儿园开始自觉投身于园本课程开发的实践。在园本课程开发中，幼儿园教师既是园本课程开发的主体，也是幼儿、家长、课程专家、园领导及社区成员之间相互联系的纽带；既是一种课程资源，又是园本课程的编制者、实施者和评价者，在园本课程开发中具有至关重要的作用。本研究依托问卷和访谈，旨在调查教师对园本课程开发的认识，在园本课程开发中遇到的困难，通过分析其影响因素，提出提高教师在园本课程开发中实践能力的对策。研究发现，存在的主要问题有教师对园本课程的认识存有偏差，将园本课程开发与编制教材、开展特色课程、进行课题研究、原创性教育活动等概念相混淆；教师参与园本课程开发的主体意识与内在动机缺失；教师进行园本课程资源开发的意识与能力不足；教师进行园本课程开发的实践能力不强等。存在的这些问题主要是由园内外各方对教师的支持不够、教师自身专业素质有待提高和教师欠缺有关园本课程开发的知识与能力等原因造成的。基于上述对教师在园本课程开发中存在的问题及其原因分析，本研究认为应从幼儿园的内外环境及教师自身入手，提高教师进行园本课程开发的实践能力，即建立有效的园外支持系统；积极开展不同层次、不同形式的教师职后培训，提高教师整体专业素质水平；加强教师对园本课程内涵及价值的认识；激发教师参与园本课程开发的内在动机；提高教师自身的园本课程开发能力。
[Abstract]:The guidelines for Kindergarten Education (trial) issued in 2001 require: "all kinds of kindergartens in urban and rural areas should proceed from reality and implement quality-oriented education according to local conditions." Develop realistic work plans and implement them flexibly. " Since then, more and more kindergartens began to consciously participate in the garden-based curriculum development practice. In the course of curriculum development, kindergarten teachers are not only the main body of kindergarten curriculum development, but also the link between children, parents, curriculum experts, leaders and community members. It is not only a kind of curriculum resource, but also the compiler, implementer and evaluator of the course, which plays an important role in the development of the curriculum. Based on questionnaires and interviews, this study aims to investigate teachers' understanding of the development of the curriculum, difficulties encountered in the development of the curriculum, and put forward countermeasures to improve teachers' practical ability in the development of the garden-based curriculum through the analysis of its influencing factors. It is found that there are some problems in teachers' understanding of the curriculum, such as confusion between the development of the curriculum and the compilation of teaching materials, the development of characteristic courses, the research of subjects, and the original educational activities. The main body consciousness and intrinsic motivation of teachers participating in the development of garden-based curriculum are lacking; the consciousness and ability of teachers to develop resources of garden-based curriculum are insufficient; the practical ability of teachers to develop garden-based curriculum is not strong and so on. These problems are mainly caused by the lack of support for teachers in and out of the garden, the need to improve teachers' own professional quality, and the lack of knowledge and ability of teachers about the development of garden-based curriculum. Based on the above analysis of the problems and causes of teachers in the development of the kindergarten curriculum, this study suggests that teachers should improve their practical ability in the development of the kindergarten curriculum from the inside and outside environment of kindergarten and the teachers themselves. That is, to establish an effective support system outside the garden; Actively carry out different levels and forms of teacher post-service training to improve teachers' overall professional quality; strengthen teachers' understanding of the connotation and value of the curriculum; stimulate teachers' intrinsic motivation to participate in the development of garden-based curriculum; Improve teachers' own ability of curriculum development.
【学位授予单位】：西北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G712.3

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