3～5岁健听儿童音位对比识别习得过程研究

发布时间：2018-03-09 20:24

本文选题：音位对比识别　切入点：习得　出处：《听力学及言语疾病杂志》2011年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的分析3~5岁健听儿童韵母音位对比和声母音位对比的习得过程,为听障儿童音位对比识别训练提供可靠的参考依据。方法分别选取3、4、5岁健听儿童各30名,测试韵母与声母最小音位对比的识别能力,统计音位对比的习得年龄。结果①3、4、5岁健听儿童韵母音位对比分别习得85.87%、94.57%和97.83%。相同结构、不同开口组韵母习得发育较早,4岁即已完成;相同开口不同结构组仅有1对在5岁习得;相同开口相同结构组韵母习得发展略慢,有两对在5岁后形成;前鼻音与后鼻音韵母习得较为缓慢。②3、4、5岁健听儿童声母音位对比分别习得75.86%、88.51%和96.55%。擦音与无擦音发展较早,在3岁及3岁前即已习得;送气与不送气音发展其次,在4岁完成;清辅音与浊辅音基本在4岁完成;其他组在5岁后仍有一段时间的持续发展时间。结论 3~5岁健听儿童音位对比识别习得过程有一定顺序性,较晚识别的音位对可能受言语发育和语音声学特征的共同影响,主要包括鼻韵母相关音位对比、浊辅音对比(m/nr、/l、n/rl、/r、)、p/t/k对比、f/s/h对比、c/s/ch/sh对比晚习得现象。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the acquisition process of prosodic vowel phoneme contrast and consonant phoneme contrast in children aged 3 to 5 years old, and to provide a reliable reference for phoneme contrast recognition training in children with hearing impairment. To test the recognition ability of vowel and consonant minimum phoneme contrast, and to count the acquisition age of phoneme contrast. Results the acquisition of vowel phonemes in 134- and 5-year-old children was 85.877.57% and 97.83.The same structure, the acquisition and development of vowels in different opening groups had been completed earlier than 4 years old. Only 1 pair of the same opening and different structure group was acquired at the age of 5 years, while the same opening group had the same structure group, the development of the vowel was a little slow, and two pairs were formed after the age of 5 years. The acquisition of prosodic vowels of anterior nasal sounds and posterior nasal sounds was relatively slow. 75.86% and 96.5551% of consonant phonemes were acquired respectively in children aged 5 years old. The development of erasure and non-erasure was earlier, and it was acquired before 3 years old and before 3 years of age, the second was the development of aspirating and non-aspirating sounds, which was completed at the age of 4 years. The consonant and turbid consonant were basically completed at the age of 4 years, and the other groups had a period of continuous development after 5 years old. Conclusion the acquisition of phonemes contrast recognition in children aged 3 to 5 years old has a certain order. The phonemes identified later may be affected by both speech development and phonological acoustics, including nasal vowel related phonemes, turbid consonants, m- / nrrr / rlr / rnrnrnrnrnrnrnrk, fr / t / k, fr / s / r / h, and / / s / r / chrsh, respectively.
【作者单位】：华东师范大学言语听觉科学教育部重点实验室;中国聋儿康复研究中心;
【基金】：国家“十一五”科技支撑计划基金资助项目(2008BAI50B02) 上海市哲社规划青年基金资助项目(2009EJY002)
【分类号】：R764;G613.2

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