师幼互动背景下大班幼儿个人事务自主研究

发布时间：2018-05-10 09:11

本文选题：幼儿园 + 大班幼儿　；参考：《西华师范大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：个人事务自主是个体自主性发展的一条重要线索,而自主性对个体健全人格和良好社会适应性的发展具有重要影响。幼儿个人事务自主发生与发展的源泉是与社会的交互作用。随着年龄的增长,幼儿逐渐有了个人事务自主意识,尤其是大班幼儿。在与教师的相互交往过程中,逐步确立起个人事务自主领域和范围。但是,目前国内从幼儿园情境下,以师幼互动为背景研究大班幼儿个人事务自主的资料还亟待丰富和完善。因此,本研究采用观察法和访谈法,了解师幼互动背景下大班幼儿个人事务自主发展存在的问题及其原因。研究结果如下:从师幼互动发起人来看,针对个人事务进行的师幼互动主要是由教师发起,幼儿很少发起师幼互动行为;从师幼互动发生场景来看,针对幼儿个人事务自主的互动多发生在游戏活动和体育活动,且幼儿拥有更多的个人事务自主权利;从师幼互动的过程来看,教师的低敏感度容易挫伤大班幼儿个人事务自主能力的发展;从师幼互动的结果来看,教师和大班幼儿之间常常因个人事务发生师幼冲突,而教师作为权威者常常迫使幼儿服从自己的决定。本研究主要从师幼互动的角度分析大班幼儿个人事务自主存在的问题,但幼儿的成长是社会、幼儿园、家庭共同影响的结果,因此有必要从以上三个角度分析当前大班幼儿个人事务自主存在的问题。在对影响大班幼儿个人事务自主发展因素的探讨上,从社会因素分析,主要由于幼儿园师幼比例过高,还有集体主义思想以及传统观念的影响;从幼儿园方面分析,主要是教师缺乏对幼儿权利和能力的正确认识;对自主性的理解不够全面深刻;教师事务繁杂工作压力大;还有幼儿园安全因素的制约。从家长方面分析,主要是家长缺乏对幼儿个人事务自主的培养意识以及文化素质不高。基于以上分析,本研究最后从国家、教师和家长三个方面就如何促进大班幼儿个人事务自主提出合理建议,期望能为幼儿个人事务自主发展提供参考资料。
[Abstract]:Personal autonomy is an important clue to the development of individual autonomy, and autonomy has an important impact on the development of individuals' sound personality and good social adaptability. The source of independent occurrence and development of children's personal affairs is the interaction with society. With the growth of age, children gradually have a sense of personal autonomy, especially large-class children. In the process of interaction with teachers, the independent field and scope of personal affairs are gradually established. However, at present, it is urgent to enrich and perfect the information about the autonomy of children's personal affairs in large class in the background of teacher-child interaction. Therefore, the present study adopts the method of observation and interview to understand the problems and causes of the independent development of individual affairs of children in large classes under the background of teacher-child interaction. The results are as follows: from the point of view of the promoters of teacher-child interaction, the teacher-child interaction is mainly initiated by teachers, and children rarely initiate teacher-child interaction; from the perspective of teacher-child interaction, The interaction of children's personal affairs autonomy mostly occurs in the game activities and sports activities, and children have more independent rights of personal affairs; from the process of teacher-child interaction, The low sensitivity of teachers can easily dampen the development of the autonomy of individual affairs of large class children. From the result of teacher-child interaction, teachers and children in large classes often have teacher-child conflicts because of personal affairs. Teachers, as authorities, often force toddlers to dress from their own decisions. This study mainly analyzes the problems existing in the autonomy of children's personal affairs from the angle of teacher-child interaction, but the growth of children is the result of the joint influence of society, kindergarten and family. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the problems existing in the autonomy of large-class children's personal affairs from the above three angles. From the social factor analysis, it is mainly due to the high proportion of kindergarten teachers and children, as well as the influence of collectivism and traditional ideas. Teachers lack a correct understanding of children's rights and abilities; the understanding of autonomy is not comprehensive and profound; teachers' complex work pressure; and the constraints of kindergarten safety factors. From the parents' point of view, the main reason is that the parents lack the consciousness and the cultural quality of the children's personal affairs autonomy. Based on the above analysis, this study finally puts forward some reasonable suggestions on how to promote the autonomy of children's personal affairs in large classes from three aspects: state, teachers and parents, hoping to provide reference materials for the independent development of children's personal affairs.
【学位授予单位】：西华师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G612

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