球类游戏活动对4-5岁幼儿控制性动作发展影响的实验研究

发布时间：2018-09-01 14:55

【摘要】：幼儿期一般指3至6岁学龄前期,这个年龄阶段的幼儿生长发育十分迅速,是动作发展的关键时期。动作发展与人的生理、心理、个性品质等方面有着紧密的联系,影响着人的一生。人的基本动作包括控制性动作、非控制性动作和移动性动作,其中控制性动作在幼儿活动中占的比重最大。幼儿的日常生活、学习、运动和竞赛都与控制性动作息息相关,这个时期重视他们相关动作技能的学习和练习,对他们今后的动作发展非常有利。学前期的幼儿由其身心发展特点决定他们喜欢玩游戏,并且善于模仿和学习许多运动技能,因此,本文选择将球类游戏活动作为教学手段,以大肌肉动作发展测验中的物体控制分测验评分记录表为评价量表,采用文献资料法、专家访谈法、实验法、数理统计法等多种研究方法来探究球类游戏活动对4--5岁幼儿控制性动作发展的影响。本文以湖北省荆州市实验幼儿园中(2)班和中(3)班共计60名4--5岁的学生为实验对象,其中随机抽取中(2)班的30名幼儿作为实验组,随机抽取中(3)班的30名幼儿作为对照组,经过非参数检验,两组没有显著性差异。在此基础上,实验组进行10周的球类游戏活动,对照组按照幼儿园教学大纲计划正常上课。10周结束后,再次对60名幼儿的物体控制动作进行测试,并用SPSS19对实验前后实验组和对照组的测试得分进行组内和组间的统计学分析,得出结论:1、球类游戏活动能促进4--5岁幼儿的控制性动作发展,对幼儿的原地拍球、踢球、双手接球、击固定球、上手投球、地滚球动作都有显著性改善。2、球类游戏活动对4--5岁不同性别幼儿控制性动作发展的促进作用存在不平衡性。具体表现为:原地拍球、双手接球和上手投球的得分增值女性幼儿比男性幼儿要高,踢球、击固定球、地滚球的得分增值男性幼儿比女性幼儿高。根据研究结果提出在幼儿园体育活动中重视幼儿的动作发展,长期开展符合幼儿身心特点的球类游戏活动的建议。
[Abstract]:Early childhood generally refers to 3 to 6 years old preschool age, this age stage of children's growth and development is very rapid, is the key period of movement development. The development of action is closely related to human physiology, psychology and personality. The basic actions of people include controlling, non-controlling and moving, among which the proportion of controlled actions in children's activities is the largest. Children's daily life, learning, sports and competition are closely related to controlled movements. In this period, it is very beneficial for them to pay attention to the study and practice of their related motor skills. In the early stage of learning, children are fond of playing games and are good at imitating and learning a lot of sports skills by their physical and mental development characteristics. Therefore, this paper chooses ball games as a teaching method. Taking the object control subtest score form in the big muscle movement development test as the evaluation scale, the method of literature, expert interview and experiment were used. To explore the effects of ball games on the development of controlled action of children aged 4-5 years. In this paper, 60 students aged 4-5 years in class (2) and (3) in experimental kindergarten of Jingzhou City, Hubei Province were selected as experimental subjects. 30 children in middle (2) class were randomly selected as experimental group and 30 children in middle (3) class as control group. After non-parametric test, there was no significant difference between the two groups. On this basis, the experimental group was given 10 weeks of ball games, and the control group was tested on the object control action of 60 children according to the kindergarten syllabus plan. The test scores of the experimental group and the control group before and after the experiment were analyzed by SPSS19, and the conclusion was drawn that the ball game activity could promote the development of the control action of the 4-5 year-old children, and play the ball in situ and kick the ball. There was significant improvement in the movement of both hands to catch the ball, to hit the fixed ball, to throw the ball in the upper hand, and to improve the ground ball movement significantly. There was an imbalance in the promoting effect of ball game activity on the development of the controlled action of 4-5 years old children of different genders. The concrete performance is: in situ pat, both hands to catch the ball and the upper hand pitching the score increment female toddler to be higher than the male toddler, to kick the ball, to hit the fixed ball, the ground ball score increment male toddler to be higher than the female toddler. According to the results of the study, it is suggested that attention should be paid to the development of children's movements in kindergarten sports activities and that the ball games should be carried out in accordance with the characteristics of children's body and mind for a long time.
【学位授予单位】：首都体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G613.7

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