幼儿教师生活活动实践性知识的叙事研究

发布时间：2018-10-16 18:31

【摘要】：随着幼儿教师专业发展相关研究的不断深化,幼儿教师实践性知识的重要性也日益凸显。实践性知识作为连接理论与实践的桥梁,在深化理论学习、提高实践水平的过程中扮演着重要的角色。当前,幼儿教师实践性知识的研究主要从整体出发,集中探讨其内涵外延、内容结构、生成过程等问题;缺乏从局部出发,考察幼儿教师某一领域实践性知识运用的研究。然而幼儿园一日生活活动的种类较多,可以划分为生活活动、游戏活动、学习活动,不同类型的活动对幼儿教师的专业知识具有不同的要求,因此从某一种活动类型出发,探讨幼儿教师的实践性知识具有一定的理论价值与实践意义。生活活动是幼儿园班级活动的重要组成部分,蕴含着丰富的教育契机。如何定位教师在生活活动中的角色,理解生活活动的价值,提高生活活动的有效性等,都与幼儿教师的实践性知识息息相关。因此,本研究从幼儿园班级生活活动的角度出发,探寻幼儿教师的实践性知识。研究者在叙事研究思想的指导下,深入幼儿园班级,通过观察与访谈收集教师与幼儿生活活动的故事,挖掘故事背后的意义,以此折射一位优秀幼儿教师的实践性知识,横向呈现生活活动中该教师关于自我的知识、关于学科的认识、关于幼儿的知识以及相关情境的知识。本研究一共分为六个部分:第一部分问题提出,在梳理研究背景的基础上,围绕教师实践性知识、生活活动、叙事研究三方面内容,对前人研究成果进行学习与总结,并明确自己的研究设计、过程以及叙事逻辑。第二部分认识我自己,是对该教师生活活动中关于自我的知识的呈现,包括自我角色认知、自我效能感两个方面。第三部分关于生活活动的认识,是从价值、资源以及开展路径三个角度呈现该教师对生活活动的认识与理解。第四部分生活活动中的幼儿,体现了该教师在生活活动中关于幼儿的知识,从理解幼儿的方式、幼儿的角色地位以及因材施教三个方面进行展现。第五部分生活活动的境与人,从生活活动的不同情境及相关人物两个角度,展现该教师生活活动的情境知识。第六部分反思与建议,包括研究者对该教师生活活动实践性知识的解读,以及对研究方法、不足之处的反思,并就如何促进幼儿教师实践性知识发展的问题对幼儿园管理者及教师自身提出几点建议。
[Abstract]:With the deepening of related research on preschool teachers' professional development, the importance of preschool teachers' practical knowledge is becoming increasingly prominent. As a bridge between theory and practice, practical knowledge plays an important role in deepening theoretical learning and improving practical level. At present, the research of preschool teachers' practical knowledge mainly starts from the whole, focuses on its connotation extension, content structure, generation process and so on, and lacks the research on the application of practical knowledge in a certain field of kindergarten teachers from the local point of view. However, there are many kinds of daily life activities in kindergartens, which can be divided into life activities, games activities, learning activities, and different types of activities, which have different demands on the professional knowledge of kindergarten teachers. It is of certain theoretical value and practical significance to probe into the practical knowledge of preschool teachers. Life activity is an important part of kindergarten class activity, which contains abundant educational opportunity. How to locate the role of teachers in life activities, understand the value of life activities, and improve the effectiveness of life activities are closely related to the practical knowledge of preschool teachers. Therefore, this study explores the practical knowledge of kindergarten teachers from the perspective of kindergarten class life activities. Under the guidance of narrative research thought, the researcher goes deep into the kindergarten class, collects the stories of teachers and children's life activities through observation and interview, and excavates the meaning behind the story, so as to reflect the practical knowledge of an excellent preschool teacher. Horizontal presentation of the teacher's knowledge about himself, about the subject, about the knowledge of young children and related situations in the activities of life. This research is divided into six parts: the first part of the question put forward, on the basis of combing the research background, focusing on the teachers' practical knowledge, life activities, narrative research three aspects, learning and summarizing the previous research results. And clarify their own research design, process and narrative logic. The second part is the presentation of self-knowledge in the teacher's life activities, including self-role cognition and self-efficacy. The third part presents the teacher's understanding of life activities from three angles: value, resources and development path. The fourth part of the life activities of the children, reflects the teacher's life activities about the knowledge of children, from the understanding of the manner of the child, the role of the child as well as the teaching of three aspects. In the fifth part, the situation knowledge of the teacher's life activities is displayed from the different situations and related characters of the life activities. The sixth part is the reflection and suggestions, including the researcher's interpretation of the practical knowledge of the teacher's life activities, as well as the reflection on the research methods and shortcomings. Some suggestions on how to promote the development of kindergarten teachers' practical knowledge are put forward to the kindergarten managers and teachers themselves.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G615

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