幼儿园户外体育活动材料的适宜性投放研究

发布时间：2018-12-09 20:33

【摘要】：幼儿园户外体育活动对于幼儿生长发育和身心健康发展有重大意义。户外体育活动材料的适宜性投放对于幼儿园户外体育活动的科学、有效开展起着至关重要的作用。本研究主要采用问卷调查法并结合现场调查法和访谈法,对上海市7个辖区,30所不同等级的幼儿园展开幼儿园户外体育材料投放的现状调查,深入了解幼儿园户外体育材料选择配置、操作使用、设计开发等各个环节情况。研究结果表明:1、所调查幼儿园户外体育活动材料配备情况良好,其中,大型体育材料在数量、种类、安全性、趣味性方面均优于小型材料与自制材料。但大型户外体育材料拥有上出现功能类型不平衡现象,掷击、弹跳、摆动颠簸、旋转类型材料相对较少。在开展具体实践中应通过活动设计与替代材料予以补充,以丰富幼儿各项运动体验。2、教师对材料的应用不均衡,翻滚类、负重类、悬垂类、支撑类动作相关活动相对缺乏。实践中应“物尽其用”,帮助幼儿获得动作技能的全面发展。3、教师在投放能力上对幼儿“动作发展敏感期”和“个性化投放”把握度不够,“心理需求”把控水平不高。幼儿园应通过专家引领、课程领导、师资培训等多元途径帮助教师提升运动专业素养。4、自制类户外体育材料开发相对不足,其在牢固耐用、玩法多样方面还有待加强。5、幼儿园材料管理工作总体上执行比较到位,但小型和自制类材料维护、安置等状况有待完善。研究针对问卷调查反映的问题以及在现场调查、开展访谈过程中发现的问题,尝试挖掘制约适宜性投放的因素,提出适宜性投放的优化策略,期望能为推动幼儿园户外体育材料适宜性投放尽自己的绵薄之力。
[Abstract]:Outdoor sports activities in kindergartens are of great significance to the growth and physical and mental development of young children. The suitability of outdoor sports materials plays an important role in the scientific and effective development of outdoor sports activities in kindergartens. This research mainly adopts the questionnaire survey method, the field investigation method and the interview method, carries out the present situation investigation to the kindergarten outdoor sports material in 30 kindergartens in 7 districts of Shanghai. Know more about outdoor sports materials selection, operation, design and development in kindergartens. The results showed that: 1, the outdoor sports materials in kindergartens were well equipped, in which large sports materials were superior to small materials and homemade materials in quantity, type, safety and interest. However, large outdoor sports materials have the phenomenon of imbalance of functional types, such as throwing, bouncing, swinging and jolting, and relatively few materials of rotating type. In order to enrich children's sports experience, teachers' application of materials is unbalanced, rollers, load-bearing, drape and support activities are relatively lacking. In practice, it is necessary to "make the best use of things" to help children acquire the all-round development of action skills. 3. Teachers do not have enough grasp of children's "sensitive period of action development" and "individualized delivery", and the level of control of "psychological needs" is not high. Kindergartens should help teachers improve their sports professional literacy through various ways, such as expert guidance, curriculum leadership, and teacher training. 4. Self-made outdoor sports materials are relatively underdeveloped and need to be strengthened in terms of durability and variety of play methods. In general, the management of kindergarten materials is in place, but the maintenance and placement of small and self-made materials need to be improved. In view of the problems reflected in the questionnaire and the problems found in the field investigation and the interview process, the research tries to excavate the factors that restrict the suitability and puts forward the optimization strategy of the suitability investment. Hope to promote kindergarten outdoor sports materials fit to put their own efforts.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G613.7

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