工资扭曲、种群密度与企业成长:基于企业生命周期的动态分析

发布时间：2018-01-03 03:42

  本文关键词：工资扭曲、种群密度与企业成长:基于企业生命周期的动态分析　出处：《中国工业经济》2017年10期 　论文类型：期刊论文

  更多相关文章： 工资扭曲 种群密度 企业成长 生命周期 生存分析

【摘要】：企业的大量涌现与快速衰退构成了中国经济发展背后的独特图景,与中国经济转型背景下的工资扭曲等制度特征紧密相关。在已有研究的基础上,本文引入企业生命周期的动态视角,探讨了工资扭曲、种群密度与企业成长之间的作用机制,并基于中国工业企业数据库中的新创企业样本,使用生存分析中的Cox PH模型和AFT模型对该机制进行了检验。研究发现:工资扭曲对企业成长同时具有促进效应和抑制效应,从初创期到成长成熟期,工资扭曲缓解了新创企业生存资源短缺的困境,对企业成长表现出较强的促进效应,而同时期的抑制效应却比较弱,工资扭曲在整体上促进了企业成长;进入成长成熟期后,工资扭曲对技术创新的挤出效应日益增强,其产生的抑制效应抵消了原有的促进效应,工资扭曲对企业成长的整体影响不再显著;种群密度在工资扭曲对企业成长的作用机制中具有负向调节效应,但这种调节效应只在企业的初创期显著。以上结论表明,工资扭曲可以提高初创期企业的生存概率,从而引致低种群密度条件下大量新创企业进入;而工资扭曲对技术创新的抑制效应以及种群密度产生的负向调节效应却加大了企业的退出风险;工资扭曲和种群密度在一定程度上解释了中国企业大量涌现与快速衰退的现象。
[Abstract]:The emergence of large numbers of enterprises and rapid recession constitute a unique picture behind the economic development of China, closely related to the system characteristics of wage distortion in the context of China's economic transformation. This paper introduces the dynamic perspective of enterprise life cycle, discusses the mechanism between wage distortion, population density and enterprise growth, and based on the new enterprise samples in the database of Chinese industrial enterprises. Cox PH model and AFT model in survival analysis are used to test the mechanism. It is found that wage distortion has both promotive and inhibitory effects on firm growth. From the initial period to the mature period, wage distortion alleviates the plight of the shortage of survival resources, and has a strong promoting effect on the growth of the enterprise, but the inhibition effect of the same period is relatively weak. The distortion of wages promotes the growth of enterprises as a whole; In the period of growth and maturity, the extrusion effect of wage distortion on technological innovation is increasing day by day, which counteracts the original promotion effect, and the overall effect of wage distortion on the growth of enterprises is no longer significant. The population density has negative regulation effect in the mechanism of wage distortion on firm growth, but this adjustment effect is significant only in the initial stage of enterprise. Wage distortion can increase the survival probability of the start-up enterprises, which leads to the entry of a large number of new enterprises under the condition of low population density. However, the inhibition effect of wage distortion on technological innovation and the negative adjustment effect of population density increase the exit risk of enterprises. Wage distortions and population density partly explain the emergence and rapid decline of Chinese firms.
【作者单位】： 武汉大学经济与管理学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金面上项目“市场分割状态下的中国民营企业成长机制:非正式制度与国际化的联动效应”(批准号71273202)
【分类号】：F249.24;F425
【正文快照】： 一、问题提出在经济转型的时代背景下,中国企业的成长呈现出“大量涌现与快速衰亡”的特征,即“新创企业大量涌现、原有企业快速衰亡”。据有关资料显示(1),仅在2002—2012年中国内资企业数量就增长了近1倍,私营企业数量增长了4.1倍;但中国企业的平均生存时间仅为6.1年,民营企，

本文编号：1372237