共同配送下需求可拆分的车辆路径问题研究

发布时间：2018-01-04 11:15

本文关键词：共同配送下需求可拆分的车辆路径问题研究　出处：《北京交通大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：进入二十一世纪以来,随着城镇化建设的快速发展,我国城市人口的数量和密度不断地上升,城市贸易的比重持续增加。不断增长的贸易需求一方面促进了城市经济的快速发展,同时也给城市配送带去了诸多压力:城市配送车辆高空载率现象严重、物流成本居高不下,加剧了城市的交通拥挤以及汽车尾气污染和噪声污染,传统的城市配送方式已经不能完全满足变化迅速的客户需求。由于能够通过增大配送规模以提高物流资源的利用率、缓解城市交通压力,共同配送因其显著的经济效益和社会效益,日渐成为了城市配送的主要发展趋势之一;同时在客户需求可拆分的车辆路径问题研究中,通过允许客户被多车访问,配送车辆的总数量和行驶总里程能够得到大幅度节约。本文在学习和总结前人研究成果的基础上,提出了共同配送下需求可拆分的车辆路径问题(CSDVRP),主要研究内容如下:(1)以共同配送以及需求可拆分的车辆路径问题为背景,对CSDVRP进行了界定,分析了共同配送下客户订单需求的可拆分性、不同货物之间的混载关系,以及共同配送下需求可拆分车辆路径问题涉及的相关成本。(2)建立了共同配送下需求可拆分的车辆路径问题模型,分析了模型目标函数(总成本)的构成要素,并给出了各成本的计算方式。(3)利用改进后的最优插入算法构造初始解、采用禁忌搜索算法求解模型,并通过模型应用验证了模型的有效性,敏感性分析结果显示通过降低订单拆分的代价CSDVRP能够节约更多的成本。
[Abstract]:Since 21th century, with the rapid development of urbanization, the number and density of urban population in China has been increasing. The proportion of urban trade continues to increase. On the one hand, the growing demand for trade promotes the rapid development of urban economy, but also brings a lot of pressure to urban distribution: the phenomenon of high no-load rate of urban distribution vehicles is serious. The high cost of logistics exacerbates the traffic congestion, vehicle exhaust pollution and noise pollution. The traditional urban distribution method can not fully meet the rapidly changing customer needs. Because of increasing the distribution scale to improve the utilization of logistics resources, the urban traffic pressure can be alleviated. Joint distribution has become one of the main development trends of urban distribution because of its remarkable economic and social benefits. At the same time, in the research of the vehicle routing problem, which can be separated by customers' requirements, it allows customers to be accessed by multiple vehicles. The total number of distribution vehicles and total mileage can be greatly saved. In this paper, the problem of demand-divisible vehicle routing under joint distribution is proposed. The main research contents are as follows: 1) based on the common distribution and demand-divisible vehicle routing problem. The CSDVRP is defined, and the separability of customer order demand under common distribution is analyzed, and the mixed load relationship between different goods is analyzed. And the related cost involved in the demand-divisible vehicle routing problem under the joint distribution. (2) the model of the demand-divisible vehicle routing problem under the joint distribution is established. This paper analyzes the elements of the model objective function (total cost), and gives the calculation method of each cost. It uses the improved optimal insertion algorithm to construct the initial solution, and uses the Tabu search algorithm to solve the model. The validity of the model is verified by the application of the model. The sensitivity analysis results show that CSDVRP can save more cost by reducing the cost of order splitting.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F252

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