重庆市城镇化效率测度及空间关联格局研究

发布时间：2018-01-15 09:19

本文关键词：重庆市城镇化效率测度及空间关联格局研究　出处：《西南大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来,我国城镇化水平不断提高,2015年我国城镇化率达56.1%。然而,随着城镇化的快速推进,城镇化过程中高投入低产出、高能耗低效率等问题和矛盾也日益突显。关注城镇化率提高时,城镇化效率问题却没有得到足够的重视。城镇化效率是城镇化进程中投入要素和产出要素的综合衡量和比较,是度量城镇化进程是否有效的重要指标,城镇化效率的合理测度对衡量城镇化水平和质量具有十分重要的意义。重庆大城市、大农村的特点明显,城乡二元结构矛盾突出,测算分析重庆市城镇化效率并探求其在空间上的关联格局,对促进区域资源高效利用和城镇化的可持续健康发展具有极其重要的意义。本文以重庆市37个区县为研究单元,首先总结国内外有关城镇化效率研究成果,系统地分析相关文献研究的现状、方法和存在的不足;其次在对城镇化、城镇化效率等基本概念及相关理论进行全面阐述的基础上,确立投入产出效率测度评价体系,运用包含非期望产出的超效率SBM模型,对重庆市城镇化效率进行客观、科学、合理测度。然后根据测度结果进行横向和纵向比较,并对4个分区进行对比分析;同时通过投入产出冗余分析城镇化效率损失的原因,并利用σ收敛、绝对β收敛对城镇化效率进行收敛性分析。最后运用探索性空间数据分析方法(ESDA)对城镇化效率空间关联格局进行研究,给出提升重庆市城镇化效率的对策和建议。主要研究结论如下:(1)十年来,除2008年、2010年两个效率下降年外,重庆市城镇化效率平均值总体呈现波动上升的趋势,并在2015年达到峰值。其中2006-2008年,重庆城镇化效率在波动中下降,在2008年达到最低值,2009年有所回升,2009-2010年,重庆城镇化效率短暂下降,2010年后,城镇化效率稳步提升,并于2015年达到最高值。(2)重庆市城镇化效率各区县之间、4个分区之间差异明显。十年内城镇化效率均值大于1的区县有15个,而低于重庆市城镇化效率平均水平的区县达19个。从4个分区来看:Ⅰ区效率值处于最高值,其次是分处于渝东南、渝东北的Ⅲ区、Ⅳ区,而Ⅱ区平均效率值最低。(3)工业废水排放过剩、土地投入冗余、工业固体废弃物排放过量是造成重庆市整体城镇化效率损失的最主要的三个因素。Ⅰ区投入产出冗余主要集中在工业废水排放量、工业固体废弃物排放量、固定资产投资上。Ⅱ区城镇化效率损失的原因主要是工业废水排放量、工业固体废弃物排放量和土地投入冗余。Ⅲ区城镇化率较低成为其城镇化效率低下的最主要原因,同时土地得不到最大限度的利用、工业废水排放量过剩也是限制其城镇化效率提升的重要因素。Ⅳ区工业废水排放量的冗余较为突出,资金和劳动力投入不能最大限度的发挥效用也阻碍着城镇化效率的提升。(4)重庆市城镇化效率2006-2010年变异系数呈现波动上升的趋势,2010年后,变异系数不断下降,城镇化效率存在σ收敛。说明随时间推移,区县城镇化效率差距在缩小。同时重庆市及4个分区都存在较为显著的绝对β收敛,说明在不考虑空间效应的影响下,城镇化效率低的区县对城镇化效率高的区县有追赶的趋势,随着时间推移,区县的城镇化效率会收敛于同一稳态水平。(5)重庆市各区县的城镇化效率在空间上的分布不是随机的,而是存在空间集聚效应。2006-2009年区县间城镇化效率空间相关性变大,2010-2011年集聚效应达到最小,2012-2015年呈现波动上升的趋势。效率高-高关联区及低-低关联区所占比重较大,并呈现出波动中上升的趋势。同时在地理空间上表现出显著的高值集聚和低值集聚,处于三峡库区腹心的丰都、石柱一直是研究时段内的高值集聚中心,并且有向北部和西部辐射扩散的趋势。而低值集聚中心则由东北部的开州、万州一带转移到西北部的潼南一带。(6)基于对重庆市城镇化效率测度及空间关联格局的分析,提出了城镇化效率的提升策略,主要有以下四个方面:重庆市应加大力度实施可持续发展战略,推进土地供给侧改革、推进建设用地的节约集约利用,同时实行差别化的区域城镇化管控政策。此外还应加强区域合作,增强中心区县的辐射带动作用。最终实现重庆市城镇化的协调和可持续发展。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the increasing level of urbanization in China, in 2015 China's urbanization rate reached 56.1%.. However, with the rapid progress of urbanization, the urbanization process of high input and low output, low efficiency and high energy consumption problem highlights the growing conflict. The urbanization rate increased, urbanization efficiency has not got enough the importance of urbanization. Efficiency is a comprehensive measure of input and output elements in the process of urbanization and the comparison is an important index to measure the urbanization process is effective and reasonable measure of urbanization efficiency is very important to measure the level and quality of urbanization. Chongqing City, large rural, urban and rural areas two yuan structure contradiction, calculation and analysis of Chongqing city urbanization efficiency and to explore its spatial association pattern, to promote the efficient use of resources and regional urbanization sustainable and healthy development is extremely heavy The significance. This paper takes 37 counties of Chongqing city as the research unit, firstly summarizes the domestic and foreign research achievements about urbanization efficiency, system status analysis of the relevant literature research, methods and problems in the urbanization; secondly, the basic concept of urbanization efficiency and related theory basis of comprehensive exposition on to establish the efficiency measurement and evaluation system, using super efficiency SBM model including non expected output, objectively, on the efficiency of urbanization in Chongqing city of science, reasonable measure. Then the horizontal and vertical comparison according to the measurement results, and the results are compared to the 4 partition; at the same time through input-output redundancy analysis reasons of Urbanization efficiency loss, and the use of convergence, absolute convergence of urbanization efficiency convergence analysis. Finally, using exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA) on the efficiency of urbanization spatial association pattern For the study, put forward to enhance the Chongqing city urbanization efficiency countermeasures and suggestions. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) ten years, except in 2008, 2010, two year decline in the efficiency of urbanization of Chongqing City, the average overall efficiency fluctuated upward trend, and reached the peak in 2015. 2006-2008 years, Chongqing town the efficiency of the decline in volatility, lowest in 2008, rebounded in 2009, 2009-2010 years, Chongqing urbanization efficiency decreases, after 2010, the efficiency of urbanization steadily, and reached the highest value in 2015. (2) between the Chongqing city urbanization efficiency in all counties, the difference between the 4 towns partition is obvious. Within ten years of the average efficiency of more than 1 counties have 15, but lower than the average level of efficiency of urbanization in Chongqing District reached 19. From 4 partitions: 1 efficiency value at the maximum value, the second is in the southeast of Chongqing, Chongqing Northeast District iii, In Section IV, and the average efficiency of zone II (3). The lowest value of industrial wastewater discharge excess, land input redundancy, industrial solid waste emissions are the three most important factors caused the overall urbanization efficiency loss in Chongqing city. 1 input-output redundancy mainly concentrated in the industrial wastewater emissions, industrial solid waste emissions. The fixed assets investment. Because II urbanization efficiency loss is mainly industrial wastewater emissions, industrial solid waste emissions and land input redundancy. District III low urbanization rate has become the main cause of the low efficiency of the town, and the land was not the best use of the excess emissions of industrial waste water is an important factor to limit the increase of urbanization efficiency. The redundant area IV industrial wastewater emissions are more prominent, capital and labor play not to maximize the utility of hindering urbanization. The rate of improvement. (4) the Chongqing city urbanization efficiency 2006-2010 variation coefficient fluctuated upward trend, after 2010, the coefficient of variation decreased, the urbanization efficiency convergence. With the passage of time, the efficiency gap between urban districts in Chongqing city. At the same time reduced and the 4 area are relatively absolute convergence obviously, that without considering the space effect of urbanization, low efficiency counties have pursued trend of urbanization and high efficiency of the county, with the passage of time, the efficiency of urbanization districts will converge to the same steady-state level. (5) the distribution efficiency of urbanization of Chongqing city each district in space. Is not random, but the existence of agglomeration in.2006-2009 counties urbanization efficiency spatial correlation becomes large, 2010-2011 agglomeration effect minimum, fluctuated upward trend in 2012-2015. High efficiency and high - and low correlation region Low correlation zone accounted for a larger proportion, and showed a rising trend in volatility. At the same time in the geographical space showed a significantly high value and low value cluster agglomeration, in the hinterland of the Three Gorges Reservoir of Fengdu, has been a pillar in the study period of high value center, and has spread to the north and west trend of radiation. The low value center from the northeastern part of the state, transferred to the Wanzhou area in the northwestern Tongnan area. (6) analysis of Chongqing city urbanization efficiency measurement and spatial correlation pattern based on the proposed strategy to enhance the efficiency of urbanization, mainly in the following four aspects: Chongqing city should intensify efforts to implement sustainable the development strategy, promote the land supply side reforms, promote the construction of land intensive use, at the same time, the implementation of differentiated regional urbanization control policy. It should also strengthen regional cooperation and enhance the leading role of the center district of radiation. Finally, the coordinated and sustainable development of urbanization in Chongqing is realized.

【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F299.27

【参考文献】