公众参与纳米技术风险沟通的影响因素研究

发布时间：2018-01-19 07:09

  本文关键词： 纳米技术 风险沟通 公众参与 风险认知 参与意向　出处：《大连理工大学》2016年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：纳米技术研发及产业化发展迅速,各国纷纷将其作为战略性新兴产业予以支持。但纳米技术科学前沿知识的不确定性及其在技术应用和产业化过程中可能引发的环境和健康风险,制约了纳米技术健康、负责任地发展。公众参与纳米技术等高技术风险治理已成为国际上技术风险治理的新方向和迫切需求。纳米基础知识交叉性、技术应用中风险叠加性、公共风险衍生性和风险认知资源的不均衡性,增加了纳米技术风险治理的难度。因此,公众参与纳米技术风险沟通意向影响因素及其作用关系研究,具有重要意义。本文以风险认知、科学素养、风险社会放大、计划行为理论为基础,围绕风险参与本体和沟通活动对象,以扎根理论方法,构建了公众参与风险沟通意向影响因素的理论分析框架,识别了公众参与纳米风险沟通意向的内、外部影响因素,建立了影响因素关系概念模型,在此基础上提出相关路径假设并加以验证。通过回归分析和结构方程分析,修正计划行为理论模型,揭示模型中因子间的作用关系,为纳米技术风险治理中分析、预测、评价和引导公众参与纳米风险沟通提供依据。在公众参与纳米技术风险沟通内部影响因素的研究中,通过设计量表和探索性分析,识别了信息源和信任构成要素,依据风险信息、信任动机、善意信任和能力信任等因子,构建了公众对社会利益相关方的风险认知与参与风险沟通意向的关联模型。利用结构路径数据工具SMART-PLS2.0进行实证分析,建立路径结构方程,揭示了公众纳米风险本体认知发展过程与参与风险沟通意向形成的路径。路径结构方程分析表明,公众对纳米的风险判断是公众获得风险信息到产生风险担忧的中介变量；公众风险认知过程中形成的风险担忧与参与沟通意向呈负相关关系；善意信任是公众获得风险信息到形成参与风险沟通意向的中介变量；公众的参与态度在公众纳米风险担忧和参与风险沟通意向形成中发挥中介作用。在公众参与纳米技术风险沟通的外部影响因素分析中,将计划行为理论中主观规范变量细化为人际社会网络和技术社会治理网络两个变量,将行为控制变量修正为制度效能、自我效能和情境效能三个变量,进而建立了修正概念模型。分层回归分析表明,修正模型可以提高概念模型影响因素调节作用的解释力。此外,以方差分析识别了人口文化特征中学科专业是影响公众行为心理的重要因素。以公众受社会人际网络和制度程序影响高低不同的文化特征为依据,结合公众的学历、职业、学科的测量结果,划分了公众参与行为意向偏好的不同类型,为管理者在预测和评价公众代表的参与风险沟通行为提供参考依据。
[Abstract]:Research and industrialization of nanotechnology are developing rapidly. Many countries support it as a strategic emerging industry, but the uncertainty of the frontier knowledge of nanotechnology science and the environmental and health risks that may be caused in the process of technology application and industrialization. It has restricted the healthy and responsible development of nanotechnology. Public participation in high-tech risk governance such as nanotechnology has become a new direction and urgent need of international technology risk governance. The risk superposition, the public risk derivation and the disequilibrium of risk cognition resources in the application of technology increase the difficulty of nanotechnology risk management. It is of great significance for the public to participate in the research on the influencing factors of risk communication intention and the relationship between them. This paper is based on risk cognition, scientific literacy, risk social amplification and planning behavior theory. Around risk participation ontology and communication activity object, this paper constructs the theoretical analysis framework of influencing factors of public participation risk communication intention, and identifies the inner part of public participation in nano risk communication intention by taking root in theory and method. On the basis of establishing the conceptual model of influencing factor relation, the related path hypothesis is put forward and verified. Through regression analysis and structural equation analysis, the theoretical model of planning behavior is revised. To reveal the relationship between factors in the model, for nanotechnology risk management analysis, prediction. To evaluate and guide the public to participate in nanotechnology risk communication to provide the basis. In the study of the internal impact factors of public participation in nanotechnology risk communication, through the design of scale and exploratory analysis. It identifies the information source and the elements of trust, according to the risk information, trust motivation, goodwill trust and ability trust and other factors. This paper constructs an association model between the public's risk cognition and risk communication intention of social stakeholders, and makes an empirical analysis by using structured path data tool (SMART-PLS2.0). The path structure equation is established to reveal the path of the process of the development of public nano-risk ontology cognition and the formation of the intention to participate in risk communication. The path structure equation analysis shows that. The public's risk judgment of nanometer is the intermediate variable from which the public obtains risk information and causes risk worry. The risk concern formed in the process of public risk cognition is negatively related to the intention to participate in communication; Goodwill trust is an intermediary variable from which the public obtains risk information and forms the intention to participate in risk communication. Public participation attitude plays an intermediary role in public nano risk concern and risk communication intention formation. In the analysis of external factors of public participation in nanotechnology risk communication. The subjective normative variables in the planning behavior theory are divided into two variables: interpersonal social network and technological social governance network, and the behavioral control variables are modified into three variables: institutional effectiveness, self-efficacy and situational effectiveness. The hierarchical regression analysis shows that the modified model can improve the explanatory power of the influence factors of the conceptual model. Based on the analysis of variance, this paper identifies that discipline and specialty are the important factors that influence the behavior and psychology of the public in the cultural characteristics of the population, and are based on the different cultural characteristics of the public influenced by social interpersonal networks and institutional procedures. Combined with the measurement results of public education, occupation and discipline, different types of intention preference of public participation behavior are divided, which provides a reference for managers in predicting and evaluating public representatives' risk communication behavior.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TB383.1;F224
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本文编号：1443136