退休年龄制度对家庭照料和劳动参与的影响

发布时间：2018-01-30 02:21

本文关键词： 退休年龄家庭照料劳动参与　出处：《世界经济》2017年06期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：本文将退休制度、家庭照料和劳动参与放在一个统一的分析框架中,通过考察制度退休对家庭照料和劳动参与的影响,对中国改革退休年龄的政策进行评析。参保职工办理退休后工作机会减少、养老金这一非劳动收入提高,个人在家庭内提供照料的可能性增加,参与劳动力市场的可能性下降。本文采用中国健康与养老跟踪调查数据中处于退休年龄前后的样本,利用双变量二元选择模型的分析结果表明,参保女性在办理退休手续(制度退休)后,照料概率提高34个百分点,劳动参与概率下降40个百分点;随着受教育程度的提高,退休对照料和劳动参与的边际效应减小。男性在制度退休后,照料概率增加13个百分点,劳动参与概率降低47个百分点。在其他条件相同时,若将女性退休年龄提高到55岁和60岁,则51-60岁女性提供家庭照料的概率将分别下降12和29个百分点。随着养老保险覆盖面扩大,延迟退休年龄政策需要权衡劳动供给和家庭照料之间的矛盾。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the retirement system, family care and labor participation in a unified analysis framework, through the system of retirement on the family care and labor participation. This paper reviews the policy of reforming the retirement age in China. The employment opportunities of insured workers after retirement are reduced, the non-working income of pension is increased, and the possibility of providing care within the family is increased. The possibility of participating in the labor market is declining. This paper uses the sample of the Chinese health and old-age tracking survey data before and after retirement age, and the results of the two-variable binary selection model show that. After the retirement procedure (system retirement), the care probability of the insured women increased by 34 percentage points, and the probability of labor participation decreased by 40 percentage points; With the increase of education, the marginal effect of retirement on care and labor participation decreases. After the system retirement, the probability of care increases by 13 percentage points. The probability of labour participation is reduced by 47 percentage points. When other conditions are equal, the retirement age for women is raised to 55 and 60. Women aged between 51 and 60 years would be 12 and 29 percentage points less likely to provide family care, respectively, as pension insurance coverage expanded. The late retirement age policy needs to balance the contradiction between labor supply and family care.
【作者单位】：复旦大学经济学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(71573052,71490734) 加拿大国际经济研究中心(IDRC)对本研究的支持
【分类号】：F249.2
【正文快照】： 一引言在人口渐趋老龄化的背景下,中国政府希望通过延迟退休年龄增加劳动供给、缓解养老保险体系的财务压力。但对这一政策有诸多争议,其中之一是认为该政策可能会影响到家庭照料供给。截至2015年年底,中国城镇基本养老保险制度中的参保劳动力已经占城镇部门全部劳动力的65%

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