论工资对劳动供给影响的弱化——基于家庭贫富状况的比较

发布时间：2018-02-13 20:36

本文关键词： 工资劳动供给家庭贫富状况　出处：《中央财经大学学报》2017年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：自2004年以来,我国多个地区出现了严重的民工荒现象,并且至今仍在延续,这与国内曾近乎拥有无限劳动力供给的情势形成了鲜明的对比。为了解决劳动力短缺的问题,本文结合宏观背景提出假设,试图考察随着居民家庭贫富状况的改善,工资对劳动供给的影响有所弱化这一命题。我国作为人口大国,就业问题是社会稳定的根基,因此这一研究具有非常重要的现实意义。通过中国健康与营养调查(CHNS)数据进行的实证分析,本文得到如下结论:相较于家庭相对贫穷的劳动者群体,工资对家庭相对富裕的劳动者的刺激作用有所减弱。其一,在总体样本中,面对工资激励,家庭相对贫穷的劳动者所付出的劳动供给约为家庭相对富裕的劳动者的20倍;其二,在中部地区,前者约为后者的7倍。其三,在东部地区,工资对家庭相对富裕的劳动群体甚至存在负向的激励作用。因此,政府与企业应该根据劳动者的贫富状况,采取有针对性的措施与政策提高劳动参与率,以缓解就业压力,优化劳动力市场结构。
[Abstract]:Since 2004, many areas of our country appeared serious shortage of migrant workers, and is still in the continuation of this and had almost unlimited domestic labor supply situation in stark contrast. In order to solve the labor shortage problem, combined with the macro background of hypotheses, attempts to examine with the improvement in household wealth effect of wages on labor supply, the weakening of this proposition. China is a country with a large population, the employment problem is the foundation of social stability, so this research has very important practical significance. Through the Chinese health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) data for the empirical analysis, the paper gets the following conclusions: compared to the relatively poor family groups of workers, stimulate workers wages on family relatively wealthy weakened. First, in the overall sample, in the face of wage incentive, family poor labor The labor supply is about 20 times the family relatively affluent workers; secondly, in the central region, the former is about 7 times of the latter. Third, in the eastern region, the relatively wealthy family wage labor groups and even the existence of negative incentive effect to. Therefore, the government and enterprises should be based on the economic conditions of workers and take effective measures and policies to improve the labor force participation rate, to alleviate the employment pressure, optimizing the structure of the labor market.

【作者单位】：中国人民大学经济学院;
【基金】：中国人民大学科学研究基金(中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助)项目“国有企业供给侧改革的失业风险研究”(项目编号:17XNH042)
【分类号】：F249.24;F249.21

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